What tests are needed for glioma

The incidence rate of brain glioma is about 12 in 100,000, accounting for 40% of all intracranial tumors. It has the characteristics of "three highs and one low", namely high incidence rate, recurrence rate, mortality rate and low cure rate. Therefore, we must achieve early detection and early treatment, and go to the hospital for examination in time. Let's take a look at what examinations are needed for glioma.

Radiological examination: including skull plain film, ventriculography, computer tomography, etc. Skull plain film can show increased intracranial pressure, tumor calcification and displacement of pineal calcification, etc. Ventriculography can show cerebral vascular displacement and tumor vascular conditions, etc. These abnormal changes are different in different types of tumors in different locations, which can help locate and sometimes even qualitatively identify the disease. In particular, CT scans have the greatest diagnostic value. With intravenous contrast agent enhanced scanning, the positioning accuracy is almost 100%, and the qualitative diagnosis accuracy can reach more than 90%. It can show the location, range, shape, brain tissue reaction, and ventricle compression and displacement of the tumor. However, it still needs to be combined with comprehensive clinical considerations to make a clear diagnosis.

MRI: It is more accurate in diagnosing brain tumors than CT, and the images are clearer. It can detect tiny tumors that CT cannot show.

Positron emission tomography can produce images similar to CT, and can observe the growth and metabolism of tumors and distinguish benign from malignant tumors.

Cerebrospinal fluid examination: Lumbar puncture usually increases pressure. Some tumors, such as those located on the brain surface or in the ventricles, may increase the amount of cerebrospinal fluid protein and white blood cell count. Some tumor cells may be found. However, if the intracranial pressure is significantly increased, lumbar puncture may promote brain herniation. Therefore, it is generally only performed when necessary, such as when it is necessary to distinguish inflammation or bleeding. If the pressure increases significantly, the operation should be cautious and do not release too much cerebrospinal fluid. Mannitol drip is given after surgery and careful observation is required.

Biochemical test: For patients with pituitary tumors, especially those with excessive secretion of anterior pituitary hormones, blood biochemical tests can be used to confirm the condition. Prolactin, growth hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, gonadotropin, etc. can be tested to clarify the nature of pituitary disease. Among them, prolactinoma is the most common, accounting for about 50%, followed by growth hormone adenoma and adrenocorticotropic hormone adenoma.