Nursing of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma suffering from massive bleeding after radiotherapy

Radiotherapy is generally the first choice of treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. Radiotherapy in the nasal cavity will also affect other normal organs. Normal organs will be damaged if they are exposed to too much radiation, such as severe nasal bleeding after radiation. The nursing measures for severe nasal bleeding are:

1. If there is heavy bleeding, the bleeding site must be found. The patient should be half-sitting or half-lying, and ice should be applied to both sides of the neck. If the amount of bleeding is large, the patient should be kept lying on his side with his head down, and the patient should not be moved casually to keep the airway open and prevent irreversible brain damage caused by brain hypoxia.

2. Keeping the airway open is the key to rescue. Closely observe the patient's breathing changes. If cyanosis is found around the lips and toenails, or if breathing is difficult, cooperate with tracheal intubation or tracheotomy decisively, suck out the blood in the mouth and nasal cavity in time, and inflate the tracheal cannula to prevent blood from blocking the airway and causing suffocation.

3. Patients are afraid of death and are pessimistic and tired of treatment. They are afraid of bleeding, irritable, and have a sense of impending death. Such nervous emotions can cause excessive secretion of catecholamines in the blood, leading to increased blood pressure, which is not conducive to hemostasis. It is necessary to understand the patient's psychological condition, comfort the patient, and tell the patient that high tension and irritability can cause contraction of muscles such as the throat, increase the difficulty of hemostasis, and also cause blood vessels to contract, increase blood pressure and aggravate bleeding. Encourage the patient more, let the patient increase his confidence in treatment, and cooperate with medical staff for treatment.