Pathological manifestations and classification of Hodgkin's lymphoma

Pathological cytological features of Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) ① The normal structure of lymph nodes in HL patients is partially or completely destroyed, and there are typical RS cells. RS cells are a necessary condition for diagnosing HL, but they are not unique to HL and can also be seen in infectious mononucleosis, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and metastatic tumors. ② The tissues around the capsule are infiltrated by lymphocytes, tissue cells, eosinophils, and plasma cells. ③ The capsule or subcapsular sinus is also destroyed.

Pathological classification and clinical features of Hodgkin's lymphoma: (1) Lymphocyte-dominant type (LP) can occur at all ages, with more cases in males than females. Lymph node enlargement is limited to the cervical and axillary lymph nodes, and the clinical stage is mostly in stage I and II. This type can be further divided into nodular type and diffuse type. The tumor cells are arranged in nodular and diffuse patterns, mainly small lymphocytes and histiocytes, and RS cells are rare. (2) Nodular sclerosis type (NS) is more common in females, often accompanied by mediastinal lesions, obvious fibrous tissue hyperplasia, thickening of lymph node capsule, a large amount of collagen extending into the lymph nodes, divided into irregular septal masses, and RS cells are easily seen. (3) Mixed cell type is a typical HL, equivalent to the old classification of granuloma type, with an equal incidence in males and females, and a high incidence age of 45 to 50 years old. In addition to lymph nodes, abdominal or pelvic lymph nodes may be involved, RS cells are easily seen, and the prognosis is good with active treatment.