Is it possible that a fibroid that has been there for more than 10 years is malignant?

Fibroids are less likely to become malignant, but they still need to be checked regularly and managed through surgical removal, drug intervention, or close monitoring when necessary. Fibroids are mostly benign tumors, and the risk of malignant transformation is low if they exist for a long time, but factors such as advanced age, family history, and abnormal hormone levels may increase the probability of malignant transformation.

1. The cause of fibroids is mainly related to changes in hormone levels, genetic factors and tissue damage. Fluctuations in estrogen levels during pregnancy or menstrual cycle may promote the growth of fibroids. People with a family history of fibroids have a higher risk of the disease. Long-term mechanical stimulation of breast tissue may also induce fibroids.

2. Risk factors for malignant transformation of fibroids include increasing age, family history, hormone abnormalities, and tumor size. Women over 40 years old should be alert to the possibility of malignant transformation, and those with a family history of breast cancer or fibroids should be monitored more closely. The risk of malignant transformation increases when estrogen levels are abnormal or the tumor diameter exceeds 5 cm.

3. Treatment options include surgical resection, drug therapy, and lifestyle adjustments. Surgical resection is suitable for cases with large tumors or those at risk of malignant transformation. Common methods include minimally invasive surgery, open surgery, and laser therapy. Drug intervention can control tumor growth by regulating hormone levels. Commonly used drugs include tamoxifen, gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs, and oral contraceptives. In terms of lifestyle, maintaining a healthy weight, reducing high-fat diet intake, and exercising moderately can help reduce hormone level fluctuations.

4. Regular follow-up is an important measure to prevent fibroids from becoming malignant. It is recommended to have an ultrasound or mammography examination every 6 months to monitor changes in tumor size and shape. If the tumor is found to be growing rapidly, irregular in shape, or accompanied by pain and other symptoms, seek medical attention in a timely manner.

Although the probability of fibroids becoming malignant is low, we still need to be vigilant when they exist for a long time. Regular examinations, timely intervention and health management can effectively reduce risks and ensure health.