Lung cancer diagnostic equipment inspection

Lung cancer is a chronic disease, and the treatment is a long process, but the diagnosis of lung cancer must be carried out as early as possible. Early diagnosis and early treatment can guarantee the treatment effect of patients. Let's learn about the examination of lung cancer.

First, X-ray examination:

X-ray examination is the most commonly used and important means of diagnosing lung cancer. Through X-ray examination, the location and size of lung cancer can be understood. Although X-ray examination of early lung cancer cases cannot yet show a mass, local emphysema and atelectasis caused by bronchial obstruction or infiltrative lesions or pulmonary inflammation near the lesion may be seen. This is a commonly used method for examining lung cancer.

Second, bronchoscopy:

Bronchoscopy is a relatively important method for examining lung cancer. Through a bronchoscope, the pathological changes of the bronchial endothelium and lumen can be directly observed. If cancer or cancerous infiltration is observed, tissue can be taken for pathological section examination, or bronchial secretions can be aspirated for cytological examination to clarify the diagnosis and determine the histological type. However, due to the rich blood vessels of bronchial adenomas, bronchoscopic biopsies are not suitable to avoid causing heavy bleeding. Bronchoscopy can also observe the position, shape, width and mobility of the carina and bronchi. If necessary, taking tissue for pathological examination can also help understand the extent of the lesion, the possibility of resection and the scope of lung resection.

Third, CT examination:

A computed tomography, or CT scan, uses X-rays to create detailed cross-sections of your body. Unlike a regular chest X-ray, a CT scan creates many images as it spins around you. A computer combines these pictures to create an image of a thin slice of your body. The machine will take many slices of your body for study.

Fourth, cytological examination:

Most patients with primary lung cancer can find detached cancer cells in their sputum, and the histological type of the cancer cells can be determined. Therefore, sputum cytology is a simple and effective method for lung cancer screening and diagnosis. Rinse your mouth with clean water after getting up. Fresh sputum coughed up from the deep lungs or endobronchial secretions sucked out by bronchoscope can be used as examination specimens. Repeated sputum cytology examinations can increase the positive rate. The positive rate of sputum cytology examinations for central lung cancer can reach 70-90 percent, while the positive rate of sputum examinations for peripheral lung cancer is only about 50 percent. Therefore, those with negative sputum cytology examinations cannot rule out the possibility of lung cancer.

Fifth, PET-CT examination:

The full name of PET-CT is positron emission tomography/X-ray computed tomography. It organically combines PET and CT equipment, using the same examination bed and the same image processing workstation. PET is positron emission tomography, a molecular imaging device for functional metabolic imaging, which can detect subtle lesions without any clinical symptoms. CT is a computerized tomography scan that can clearly dissect the human body structure. The fusion of PET images and CT images can simultaneously reflect the pathological and physiological changes and morphological structure of the lesions, and clearly, clearly and accurately reflect the pathological conditions of various organs in the human body.