What are the PD-1 immunotherapies for liver cancer

Liver cancer is a malignant tumor that occurs in the liver. Treatments mainly include medication, surgery, and interventional therapy. PD-1 is an important immunosuppressant. Liver cancer can be treated with PD-1 immunosuppressants to control the progression of the disease and prolong the patient's survival.

The cause of liver cancer has not yet been fully clarified. It may be caused by gene mutation, hepatitis virus infection, long-term alcoholism, etc. Patients in the early stage of the disease may not have any symptoms. As the disease progresses, they may experience unexplained weight loss, loss of appetite, fullness, repeated nausea and vomiting, etc. There are many treatments for liver cancer, such as surgery, ablation, interventional embolization, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, chemotherapy, etc. PD-1 immunosuppressants are new drugs used in tumor immunotherapy, including carrelizumab, pembrolizumab, nivolumab, sintilimab, etc., which can be used in combination with targeted drugs such as apatinib and lenvatinib.

Any drug may have side effects during use, such as anemia, hyponatremia, elevated transferase, neutropenia, autoimmune pneumonia, etc. Those who are allergic to any component of the drug should not use it. During medication, attention should be paid to immune-related adverse reactions. The data on medication for children and the elderly are limited, so it should be used with caution.

If you experience upper abdominal discomfort, anorexia, yellowing of the skin and eyelids and sclera, it is recommended that you go to the hospital's oncology department and hepatobiliary surgery department for diagnosis as soon as possible. After finding out the cause, ask the doctor to develop an appropriate treatment plan. Specific medication should be used as directed by the doctor.