What is the matter with enlarged lymph nodes? These are the causes

There are many causes that lead to enlarged lymph nodes, the most common ones are infection, tumors, reactive hyperplasia, etc. There are also many minor causes among them, which require professional examinations to be finally determined. As for how to treat it, the correct plan needs to be made according to the condition.

1. Localized lymphadenopathy

1: Nonspecific lymphadenitis: local infection. In the early stage of acute inflammation, the lymph nodes are soft, tender, smooth and without adhesion. Chronic inflamed lymph nodes are hard and may eventually shrink or disappear.

2: Lymph node tuberculosis: It often occurs in the neck, has a hard texture, and may adhere to each other or to tissues. If caseous necrosis occurs, a sense of fluctuation may be felt. In the late stage, fistulas are formed after damage, and scars may form after healing.

3: Lymph node metastasis of malignant tumor: hard texture, smooth or raised surface, adhered to surrounding tissues, difficult to push, generally no tenderness.

2. Systemic lymphadenopathy

Lymph node enlargement affects the whole body, with varying sizes and no adhesions. Seen in acute and chronic lymphadenitis, leaflets, lymphoma, and various acute and chronic leukemias.

Lymph nodes contain many cells that specialize in engulfing pathogenic substances and are important immune organs in the body. Under normal circumstances, lymph nodes are very small and difficult to feel, but when an infection occurs in a part of the body, bacteria pass through the lymph nodes along with the lymph fluid, causing the corresponding lymph node groups to swell and become painful. When the body suffers from malignant tumors, they often metastasize along the lymphatic vessels and stay in the lymph nodes to divide and proliferate, causing the lymph nodes to swell.

If the swollen lymph nodes are found to be larger than soybeans, and are present singly or in clusters, and the child cries or feels pain when touched, parents should pay attention. Because this is one of the symptoms of many diseases in children, the common diseases are divided into the following 4 categories:

Chronic local inflammations such as oral tonsillitis, periodontitis, seborrheic dermatitis, otitis media, etc. can cause enlargement of the mandibular and behind-the-ear lymph nodes. The swollen lymph nodes are soft in texture and have good mobility, and generally return to normal as the inflammation disappears.

Infectious diseases and systemic infections such as measles, chickenpox, infectious mononucleosis, and systemic chronic infections may cause swollen lymph nodes to be felt in superficial parts of the body.

After tuberculosis inflammation is caused by infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, children may also have swollen and painful lymph nodes in the neck, behind the ears, and on the jaw, accompanied by symptoms such as low fever, night sweats, and weight loss.

Malignant lymphoma lymphadenopathy is most common in the neck. Lymphoma is a tumor that originates in the lymph nodes or lymphatic tissue. The lymph node enlargement of leukemia is systemic, but is most obvious in the neck, armpits, and groin. In addition to swollen lymph nodes, patients also have anemia, persistent fever, and the appearance of a large number of immature cells in the blood and bone marrow.