Symptoms and treatment of viral myocarditis

Viral myocarditis is an infectious myocardial disease. Clinically, there are many cases of viral myocarditis. Many people want to know what the symptoms and treatment of viral myocarditis are. Generally speaking, the symptoms of viral myocarditis are also related to the patient himself.

1. The clinical manifestations of this disease depend on factors such as the patient's age, gender, type of infected virus, body reactivity, and range of lesions. The severity varies greatly and is non-specific, which can easily lead to misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis. The diagnosis of viral myocarditis must be based on evidence of myocarditis and evidence of viral infection. In mild cases, there are almost no symptoms and the course is subclinical, or the symptoms are mild; in severe cases, there may be heart enlargement, heart failure, severe arrhythmia, shock, and even sudden death.

2. Most patients have mild subclinical or latent symptoms, with only electrocardiogram changes suspected and diagnosed, or they die in a traffic accident or from other diseases and are found to have pathological changes of myocarditis at autopsy. A small number of patients have diffuse lesions and large areas of myocardial necrosis, which presents as fulminant attacks, manifested as acute heart failure, cardiogenic shock or sudden death.

3. Severe viral myocarditis may be complicated by heart failure or shock. Patients with heart failure should be given a low-salt diet. Oxygen supply is also very important. Depending on the condition, intravenous or oral digitalis preparations should be used. Myocarditis patients are sensitive to digitalis and have low tolerance. The dosage should be 1/2 to 2/3 of the regular loading dose. Diuretics can be used when necessary, but attention should be paid to water and electrolyte balance. Severe heart failure or shock can be combined with vasoactive drugs such as phentolamine, dopamine or sodium nitroprusside. For refractory heart failure, non-digitalin positive inotropic drugs can also be used, such as dobutamine, dopexamine, amrinone, milrinone, etc.