What are the clinical manifestations of lumbar cysts?

Lumbar cysts are more common in children and may move on the lumbar spine, so parents should pay more attention to their children's health. The more common clinical manifestations of lumbar cysts include local swelling and pain, tenderness, bone thickening, etc. These manifestations can usually be discovered quickly, so parents should check their children's bodies more often and understand the manifestations of the disease so that they can discover it in time.

Treatment principles of lumbar sacral cysts:

Bone cyst is a tumor-like lesion of bone, also known as solitary bone cyst or simple bone cyst. The cyst wall is a fibrous capsule and the cyst contains yellow or brown liquid. The main treatment is surgery, and the prognosis is good. The exact cause of bone cysts is unknown, and there are many theories. Mirra speculates that it may be that during the embryonic period, a small number of synovial cells with secretory functions sink into the bones, resulting in the accumulation of synovial fluid and the formation of bone cysts. Bone cysts rarely show symptoms during their development. Most patients are diagnosed with bone cysts due to pathological fractures caused by trauma, resulting in fracture symptoms such as local pain, swelling, tenderness, and immobility. A few cases present with local masses or bone thickening, with normal joint movement and mild muscle atrophy. Patients with lower limb involvement may occasionally experience limp.

Clinical manifestations:

1. It is common in children aged 4-20 years old, and is more common in children aged 5-15 years old. It often occurs at the femoral neck, upper end of the femur and upper end of the humerus. As age increases, the cyst gradually moves toward the bone.

2. Generally there are no obvious symptoms. Most patients seek medical treatment due to pathological fractures, pain, swelling, and functional impairment, and the disease is discovered through X-rays.

3. X-rays show oval osteolytic destruction at the distal end or diaphysis of long bones with clear boundaries and a thin sclerotic zone around it. The bone cortex may be slightly expanded and thinned.

Diagnosis is based on:

1. It is more common in children and adolescents, and often occurs in the epiphysis of long bones.

2. There are no obvious symptoms, or there is mild pain and tenderness. Pathological fracture may be the earliest symptom and sign, or the lesion may be discovered through X-ray.

3. X-rays show an oval transparent shadow of uniform density at the epiphysis of the long bones. The lesion is localized, with a clear boundary between it and the normal bone, and the cortical bone is expanded and thinned.

4. Pathological examination can confirm the diagnosis.