What is the reason for rib depression

There are hundreds of bones in our human body. If any one of them is missing, we will feel uncomfortable and our movements will not be coordinated. The ribs are relatively large among the bones in the human body. They are located in our chest cavity and are arranged on both sides like ribs. Normally, the shape of the ribs is slightly protruding outward. What happens if the ribs appear concave?

Suction depression under the ribs and sternum is a clinical manifestation caused by micrognathia syndrome in children. Micrognathia syndrome is also known as cleft palate-micrognathia-glossoptosis syndrome, micrognathia-glossoptosis syndrome, micrognathia-macroglossia syndrome, inspiratory airway obstruction syndrome, Robin syndrome, Pierre-Robin syndrome, etc. This disease is characterized by congenital micrognathia, glossoptosis, cleft palate and inspiratory airway obstruction in newborns and infants. The airway obstruction caused by this disease leads to death, and the incidence rate is relatively high.

1. Causes of disease

The cause of the disease has not yet been fully elucidated and is associated with a variety of environmental factors. It has recently been shown to be related to intrauterine cytomegalovirus infection.

2. Pathogenesis

Micrognathia is generally believed to occur in the first 4 months of pregnancy, caused by interference and inhibition of the center of mandibular condyle. Malnutrition during pregnancy, use of certain drugs during pregnancy, radiation and poisoning by certain toxins can induce various deformities, including the triad of cleft palate and drooping tongue. Douglas observed that if micrognathia can obtain adequate nutrition after birth, it can develop to near normal within 6 to 8 months. Despite this, the true cause of this syndrome is still unclear, and there is no sufficient evidence of genetic factors. It has recently been confirmed that this malformation is related to intrauterine cytomegalovirus infection. Infection with this virus can occur from the 4th week of pregnancy to the end of pregnancy. Most of the infected mothers are young first-time mothers. The mother's clinical signs may not be obvious, and the virus can infect the fetus through the placenta. The earlier in pregnancy the infection occurs, the more severe the fetal involvement.

Refer to the prevention methods of congenital diseases. Preventive measures are the same as other birth defects. To reduce and reverse the incidence of birth defects, prevention should be carried out from pre-pregnancy to pre-delivery:

1. Premarital physical examination plays a positive role in preventing birth defects. The extent of the role depends on the examination items and content, mainly including serological examination (such as hepatitis B virus, syphilis spirochete, HIV), reproductive system examination (such as screening for cervical inflammation), general physical examination (such as blood pressure, electrocardiogram), and inquiries about family history of diseases, personal medical history, etc., and good genetic disease counseling.

2. Pregnant women should avoid harmful factors as much as possible, including staying away from smoke, alcohol, drugs, radiation, pesticides, noise, volatile harmful gases, toxic and harmful heavy metals, etc. Systematic birth defect screening is required during prenatal care during pregnancy, including regular ultrasound examinations, serological screening, and chromosome examinations when necessary.

3. Once an abnormal result occurs, it is necessary to clarify whether the pregnancy should be terminated, the safety of the fetus in the uterus, whether there will be sequelae after birth, whether it can be treated, what the prognosis is, etc. Take practical diagnostic and treatment measures.