Significance of fetal middle cerebral artery

There are certain arteries in the fetus's brain. Arteries also have a great impact on the fetus, because arteries are the most important organs for blood transportation. Through the arteries, the physical condition of the fetus can be well detected. If the fetus has certain developmental problems, these can also be detected through the arteries. Below, we will introduce in detail the types and significance of the fetal middle cerebral artery.

1. Umbilical artery

1. The abnormality of the placental vascular branching structure leads to abnormal waveforms of the umbilical artery. Depending on the degree of necrosis and damage of the placental vascular bed, the Doppler performance of the umbilical artery is as follows:

30% of the damage leads to an increase in PI value

50% of the damage results in loss of end-diastolic blood flow

70% of the damage results in reverse blood flow at the end of diastole

2. The decrease in end-diastolic blood flow in the umbilical artery is proportional to the risk of fetal hypoxemia/acidosis.

3. Absence or reversal of end-diastolic blood flow in the umbilical artery indicates danger and is an important indicator for obstetric monitoring, which can reduce perinatal mortality by about 32%.

2. Umbilical vein

The umbilical artery diastolic blood flow disappears, and the umbilical vein blood flow pattern is abnormal, indicating that atrial contraction and myocardial strain have occurred at this time;

1. The multiphasic pulsation of the umbilical vein is related to abnormally high venous pressure;

2. When the umbilical venous blood flow diagram shows single-wave, double-wave and triple-wave Doppler waveforms, the perinatal mortality rate is as high as 50%-60%.

3. Venous catheter

1. The ductus venosus is an important branch of the umbilical vein in the liver, which directly delivers high-oxygen blood to the heart.

2. The intravenous catheter can obtain images in the sagittal or cross-sectional plane of the abdomen.

3. In a normal fetus, the alpha wave is positive from the early pregnancy period, and its pulsation index decreases with the increase of gestational age.

4. Increased venous pulsatility index and missing or inverted alpha waves are common in the following situations:

Aneuploidy chromosome abnormalities;

Heart defects;

Fetal growth restriction during pregnancy, TTTS;

Fetal heart function is impaired and intrauterine fetal death may occur at any time;

Alpha wave inversion is an important indicator for whether to terminate pregnancy in late pregnancy;

The study found that the change of DV alpha wave is the hemodynamic parameter closest to the time of fetal intrauterine death, and even later than the abnormal blood flow in the arterial system.