What's the matter with blood in urine

Blood in urine is what we hear in TV commercials, and is medically known as hematuria. The possibility of hematuria occurring in adults is still very high, and the occurrence of hematuria is generally related to the urinary system. Hematuria is actually caused by more red blood cells excreted in urine than usual, so the color is bloody. So, how much does hematuria have to do with our body?

Hematuria refers to an abnormal increase in the excretion of red blood cells in the urine, with more than 3 red blood cells per high-power field of view in centrifuged urine, or more than 1 non-centrifuged urine or 1-hour urine red blood cell count exceeding 100,000, or 12-hour urine sediment count exceeding 500,000, all of which indicate an abnormal increase in red blood cells in the urine, which is called blood in the urine (hematuria). In mild cases, only an increase in red blood cells is found under a microscope, which is called microscopic hematuria; in severe cases, the appearance is like meat washing water or contains blood clots, which is called gross hematuria. Usually, when there is 1 mL of blood per liter of urine, it can be seen with the naked eye, and the urine appears red or like meat washing water.

1. Symptoms: May be accompanied by urine

Frequent, urgent and painful urination, infectious fever, hypertension, weight loss, skin and mucous membrane bleeding, anemia, tenderness in the kidney area and percussion pain. There is burning pain in the urethra during urination, frequent and urgent urination, hematuria and even difficulty urinating. The main symptom of acute urethritis in male patients is a large amount of urethral secretions, which are mucous at first and gradually become purulent. In chronic urethritis, urethral secretions decrease, with only itching or a tingling sensation, and urinary irritation is not as obvious as in the acute phase.

2. Symptom classification: (1) Painful hematuria; (2) Painless hematuria

Equipment inspection:

1. Renal biopsy: It is necessary to determine the nature and cause of renal parenchymal diseases.

2. ECT examination: It is helpful for the diagnosis of renal infarction by measuring glomerular filtration rate, filtration function and renal blood flow.

3. MRI and CT examinations: mainly used for the diagnosis of tuberculosis and tumor stones.

4. Cystoscopy: It is helpful for diagnosing stones, ulcers, and bladder tuberculosis tumors. Because renal function cannot be damaged and intravenous pyelography cannot be performed, retrograde pyelography can be performed at the same time as the bladder examination to determine the cause and location of the obstruction.

5. B-ultrasound: It is helpful in diagnosing hydronephrosis, kidney size and contour, tumors, nutcrackers, and upper ureteral dilatation and stones. When the nutcracker phenomenon occurs, the diameter of the left renal vein to the left of the abdominal aorta is more than twice as wide as the left renal vein in front of the abdominal aorta.

Causes:

1. Urinary stones: These include kidney, ureter, bladder or urethra stones.

2. Urinary and reproductive system infections: such as pyelonephritis, renal tuberculosis, seminal vesiculitis, cystitis, urethritis, prostatitis, etc.

3. Nephritis: including acute and chronic nephritis, focal nephritis, benign acute hemorrhagic nephritis, etc.

4. Urogenital system tumors: kidney tumors, ureter tumors, bladder tumors, prostate tumors, etc.

5. Other urinary system diseases: such as renal ptosis, wandering kidney, congenital polycystic kidney, etc.

6. Urinary system injury: damage to the kidneys caused by various chemicals or drugs, hematuria caused by sulfonamide drugs, etc.