Common knowledge on the treatment of special cases of kidney cancer

Kidney cancer is a malignant tumor with a higher incidence in recent years. Various special situations are inevitable during the treatment process. Understanding the special situations that may occur during the treatment of kidney cancer and mastering its treatment principles will help patients actively cooperate with doctors and enhance their confidence in fighting the disease.

1. For patients with renal cancer whose tumors spread locally and invade adjacent tissues and organs, the only possible cure is to completely remove the tumor and affected tissues, but the 5-year survival rate is low, less than 5%.

2. For some patients with distant metastasis, after the primary kidney is removed, the metastatic lesions may still achieve good treatment results. Involvement of the duodenum and pancreas is almost impossible to cure.

3. Patients with bilateral renal cancer, solitary kidney cancer, or renal cancer with poor contralateral kidney function (such as renal vascular hypertension, kidney stones, renal tuberculosis, and ureteropelvic stenosis) should undergo renal cancer surgery that preserves renal tissue.

4. Patients whose tumors are less than 3 cm in diameter and located at the edge of the kidney may also consider renal tissue preservation surgery, which can include partial nephrectomy or tumor removal.

5. For patients with tumor thrombi in the renal vein and inferior vena cava, if no local or distant metastasis is found, the tumor thrombi in the veins should be removed or the tumor thrombi in the inferior vena cava should be removed. If the thrombus extends to the heart, the inferior vena cava can be blocked in the pericardium and then the inferior vena cava can be opened.