Diet and precautions for diabetes combined with lung cancer

Patients with lung cancer and diabetes mellitus have increased blood sugar and metabolic disorders, which increases the risk of surgery and the difficulty of postoperative care, and puts higher requirements on nursing. Patients with lung cancer and diabetes mellitus must be fully prepared before surgery and monitor their blood sugar after surgery.

Preoperative care

Explain the health knowledge about diabetes to patients, make them understand the importance of diet, medication, exercise, and psychological adjustment to control diabetes, and give them dietary guidance, follow the principles of a low-carbohydrate, low-fat diet, and eat on time.

The three major nutrients in the daily diet account for the following proportions of total daily calories: protein 15%, fat 20%, and carbohydrates 70%. This will help the patient actively cooperate with treatment and care, laying the foundation for effective blood sugar control before surgery.

Blood glucose monitoring

Patients should stop taking oral hypoglycemic drugs 3 to 7 days before surgery and switch to subcutaneous insulin injections. Blood sugar should be measured 4 times a day (before breakfast, lunch, dinner and before bedtime). Subcutaneous insulin injections should be performed according to the doctor's instructions based on the blood sugar results to appropriately control blood sugar, increase glycogen reserves, correct water and electrolyte disorders and acidosis, and improve nutritional status.

Keep blood sugar at a stable level, with blood sugar below 8mmol/L for 4 times. Prevent hypoglycemia or hyperosmotic coma. If the patient has palpitations, sweating, hand tremors, irritability, and hunger, hypoglycemia may have occurred. No hypoglycemia or hyperosmotic coma occurred in this group.

Airway preparation

(1) Smoking patients should quit smoking for at least 2 weeks before undergoing surgery to reduce respiratory secretions during and after surgery. Before surgery, instruct patients to practice abdominal breathing and instruct them to cough and expectorate effectively until they master it.

(2) Nebulizer inhalation: Nebulizer inhalation should be given as prescribed by the doctor 3 days before the operation, 4 times a day, each time for 20 minutes.