What are the causes of endometrial cancer?

We all know that cancer is a very terrible disease, and endometrial cancer seriously endangers the health of female friends. The cause of endometrial cancer is not very clear. So the following experts will tell you about the causes of endometrial cancer so that we can take preventive measures in our lives to avoid the threat of endometrial cancer.

Cancer is the number one killer threatening human health. The cause of endometrial cancer is still unclear. It is generally believed that endometrial cancer can be divided into estrogen-dependent and non-estrogen-dependent types according to the pathogenesis and biological behavior characteristics. The vast majority of estrogen-dependent endometrial cancers are endometrioid carcinomas, and a small number are mucinous adenocarcinomas; non-estrogen-dependent endometrial cancers include serous carcinomas, clear cell carcinomas, etc.

1. Obesity: Premenopausal obesity is mainly related to metabolic disorders and anovulation. Because the patient does not ovulate, there is a lack of progesterone secretion, which causes the endometrium to be under the action of a single estrogen without progesterone antagonism for a long time, and then cancer occurs. For obese postmenopausal women, androgens (androstenedione) secreted by the adrenal glands can be converted into estrogen (estrone) through the action of enzymes (aromatase) in adipose tissue. The more adipose tissue there is, the stronger the conversion ability is, and the higher the estrogen level in plasma is. Estrone is the main estrogen in the body of postmenopausal women. The endometrium is affected by estrogen without progesterone antagonism for a long time, which can also lead to endometrial cancer.

2. Diabetes: Diabetic patients have metabolic abnormalities, and their risk of developing endometrial cancer is three times higher than that of those with normal blood sugar levels.

3. Hypertension: Patients with hypertension have an increased chance of developing endometrial cancer.

Obesity, diabetes and hypertension are called the "endometrial cancer triad". Some scholars have proposed that coronary atherosclerotic heart disease is also related to endometrial cancer. These may be the consequences of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal dysfunction and metabolic abnormalities, and are also related to high-calorie, high-fat diets, lack of exercise and other lifestyles. Therefore, some people have proposed that endometrial cancer is a "civilized disease" in contemporary society.

1. Reproductive endocrine disorders: including amenorrhea, irregular vaginal bleeding, infertility, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), etc. These diseases and manifestations are related to abnormal ovarian endocrine function, which is mainly reflected in abnormal ovulation (sparse ovulation, no ovulation). In the case of no ovulation, the endometrium lacks progesterone antagonism. Under the long-term action of estrogen alone, endometrial hyperplasia and even cancer can occur. Some patients with reproductive endocrine disorders (such as PCOS, etc.) are also related to the change of lifestyle in recent years. Therefore, a healthy lifestyle is particularly important for reducing the occurrence of endometrial cancer.

2. Exogenous estrogen: With the continuous improvement of people's living standards and health awareness, many menopausal women go to the hospital for consultation after obtaining relevant knowledge and apply sex hormone replacement therapy, but there are also women who use estrogen drugs on their own. These women use estrogen alone without the guidance of doctors and regular examinations, which greatly increases the risk of endometrial cancer. In hormone replacement therapy with combined estrogen and progesterone, if the protective effect of progesterone is sufficient, it is relatively safe for the endometrium even if it is used for a long time.

The above contents are about the causes of endometrial cancer. I hope that female friends should pay great attention to it, pay attention to their body changes in daily life, take good care of their diet, and have regular gynecological examinations on time. Even if you find that you have endometrial cancer, you must maintain an optimistic attitude and not be nervous, grasp the best time for treatment, and do appropriate exercise, so that the disease can be controlled more effectively.