Reasons for being prone to osteosarcoma

Before introducing the reasons why people are prone to osteosarcoma, let me first introduce what osteosarcoma is. Osteosarcoma, also known as osteogenic sarcoma, is a common malignant bone tumor that occurs in adolescents or children under the age of 20. It is the most common malignant bone tumor in children, accounting for about 5% of pediatric tumors. After understanding osteosarcoma, let's take a closer look at the reasons why people are prone to osteosarcoma.

Causes of osteosarcoma:

1. The pathogenesis is unclear. 10% to 30% of patients have a history of trauma before the onset of the disease, which may be the inducing symptom rather than the real pathogenic factor.

2. Primary osteosarcoma is related to genetics:

① The risk of osteosarcoma in patients with retinoblastoma is about 2,000 times higher than that of the normal population. This is because the retinoblastoma gene Rb gene is a tumor suppressor gene located at 13q14 on the long arm of chromosome 13. The deletion or inactivation of this gene is the direct cause of retinoblastoma. In cases of sporadic or associated osteosarcoma with retinoblastoma, there is often a deletion of the Rb gene. In cases of bilateral retinoblastoma, about 12% develop osteosarcoma, and more than 70% of osteosarcoma cases have inactivated Rb gene product function.

② In many sporadic cases, there is often a mutation in another tumor suppressor gene, p53, which is located on the short arm of chromosome 17. In families with Li-Fraumeni syndrome with p53 gene mutations, the incidence of osteosarcoma is significantly increased. 45% of osteosarcomas have p53 gene mutations.

The above are the reasons why people are prone to osteosarcoma that we want to share with you. We hope it will be helpful to you.