Advantages and disadvantages of various treatments for testicular cancer

Although the incidence of testicular cancer is not very high, many people are familiar with it. Testicular cancer has a great harm to men's physical and mental health and fertility. If you have testicular cancer, you must treat it in time to avoid further deterioration. Which treatment method is better? Today I will introduce to you the treatment methods of testicular cancer and the advantages and disadvantages of each method.

1. Surgery for testicular cancer

1. Orchiectomy

It is applicable to any type of testicular tumor, and emphasizes that radical orchiectomy should be performed through the inguinal route. The method is: the operation uses an oblique incision in the groin to reach the top of the scrotum, separate the spermatic cord, ligate and cut the spermatic cord and blood vessels at the internal inguinal ring, and then remove the testicle and its tumor. Simple orchiectomy often cannot achieve a complete surgical removal effect, and retroperitoneal lymph node dissection is required to achieve the purpose of radical cure.

2. Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection

What are the treatments for testicular cancer? Since non-seminomatous germ cell tumors such as embryonal tumors and teratomas are not sensitive to radiation, retroperitoneal lymph node dissection should be performed after orchiectomy, and patients in stage I and II can be cured. There are many surgical methods, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection with a median incision from the xiphoid process to the pubic symphysis is advocated. The resection range includes the upper limit to 2 cm above the bilateral renal pedicles and the renal pedicles, the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava around the iliac blood vessels and the upper 1/3 of the ipsilateral iliac blood vessels, both sides to the bilateral ureters and spermatic cords, and all lymph nodes, fat and pedicle tissue in the fascia around the ipsilateral kidney.

2. Biological Immunotherapy

Biological immunotherapy for testicular cancer is currently the most trusted choice for patients. Biological immunotherapy for testicular cancer is to extract immune cells from the patient's own peripheral blood, induce, activate and expand the number in the GMP laboratory, and then return them to the patient's body to achieve the purpose of effectively treating tumor cells while repairing and strengthening the human immune system, not giving tumor cells the opportunity to metastasize. This method is less painful and highly safe and is known as a green therapy for tumor treatment. Biological immunotherapy combines surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy for treatment, plays an important role in reducing patients' side effects, and can effectively prevent tumor recurrence and metastasis, and rapidly improve the body's immunity.

3. Radiation therapy for testicular cancer

Radiation therapy uses high-energy rays to kill cancer cells and shrink the tumor. Radiation therapy is a local treatment that affects only cancer cells in the area being treated. To treat testicular cancer, doctors use an accelerator outside the patient's body to send high-energy rays to the lymph nodes in the abdomen. Spermatogonia are very sensitive to radiation. Non-spermatogonia are not sensitive to radiation, so radiation therapy is not usually used for non-spermatogonia. Radiation therapy should be used after orchiectomy.