What are the treatments for lung tumors

Lung tumor is the most common primary lung malignant tumor. Most of them originate from the bronchial mucosal epithelium, so they are also called bronchial lung tumor. In the past 50 years, the incidence and mortality of lung tumors have increased rapidly in countries around the world, especially in industrially developed countries. Lung tumors have ranked first among male patients who died of cancer. Now, what are the treatment methods for lung tumors? It has become the focus of patients. How should lung tumors be treated?

1. Chemotherapy

In the past two decades, chemotherapy for tumors has developed rapidly and has been widely used. The efficacy of chemotherapy for small cell lung tumors, whether in the early or late stages, is relatively certain, and there are even a few reports of radical cure. It also has a certain effect on non-small cell lung tumors. In recent years, the role of chemotherapy in lung tumors is no longer limited to patients with advanced lung tumors who cannot undergo surgery, but is often included in the comprehensive treatment plan for lung tumors as a systemic treatment. Chemotherapy can inhibit the bone marrow hematopoietic system, mainly the decrease of white blood cells and platelets. It is best to combine it with traditional Chinese medicine and immunotherapy.

(I) Chemotherapy for small cell lung tumors Due to the biological characteristics of small cell lung tumors, it is generally recognized that chemotherapy should be the first choice except for a few patients with sufficient evidence showing no intrathoracic lymph node metastasis.

1. Indications

(1) Patients with small cell lung tumors confirmed by pathology or cytology;

(2) KS score is 50-60 points or above;

(3) Those with an expected survival time of more than one month;

(4) Persons aged ≤70 years.

2. Contraindications

(1) Elderly or cachectic patients;

(2) Those with severe heart, liver and kidney dysfunction;

(3) Poor bone marrow function with white blood cells below 3×10^9/L and platelets below 80×10^9/L (direct count);

(4) There are complications and infection, fever, bleeding tendency, etc.

(II) Chemotherapy for non-small cell lung tumors Although there are many effective drugs for non-small cell lung tumors, the efficacy is low and complete remission is rarely achieved.

1. Indications:

(1) Patients with stage III disease confirmed by pathology or cytology to have squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma or large cell carcinoma who are not suitable for surgery, and patients with postoperative recurrence and metastasis or stage III disease who are not suitable for surgery for other reasons;

(2) Patients with the following conditions after surgical exploration and pathological examination: ① residual lesions; ② intrathoracic lymph node metastasis; ③ cancer thrombi in lymphatic vessels or thrombi; ④ poorly differentiated cancer;

(3) Patients with pleural or pericardial effusion require local chemotherapy.

2. Contraindications: Same as small cell carcinoma.

2. Radiation therapy

(I) Treatment principles Radiotherapy is the best for small cell carcinoma, followed by squamous cell carcinoma, and the worst for adenocarcinoma. However, small cell carcinoma is prone to metastasis, so large-area irregular

The irradiation area should include the primary lesion, the supraclavicular area on both sides of the mediastinum, and even the liver and brain, and should be supplemented with drug therapy. Squamous cell carcinoma is moderately sensitive to radiation, and the lesions are mainly local invasion and metastasis is relatively slow, so radical treatment is often used. Adenocarcinoma is less sensitive to radiation and is prone to blood metastasis, so simple radiotherapy is rarely used.

(ii) There are many radiation complications, which may even cause partial functional loss; for patients with advanced tumors, the effect of radiotherapy is not perfect. At the same time, patients with poor physical condition and older age are not suitable for radiotherapy.

(III) Indications for radiotherapy are divided into radical treatment, palliative treatment, preoperative radiotherapy, postoperative radiotherapy and intracavitary radiotherapy according to the purpose of treatment.

In summary, I believe that everyone has a certain understanding of the treatment of lung tumors. Here I would like to add that chemotherapy can be used for cases that are not suitable for surgery and radiotherapy, as well as for cases that relapse after surgery and radiotherapy or have systemic metastasis. In addition, chemotherapy can also be used as an adjuvant treatment before surgery and a means to consolidate the therapeutic effect after surgery and radiotherapy.