What does glycoprotein antigen 125 mean? Five clinical significances of glycoprotein antigen 125

Glycoprotein antigen 125 is a glycoprotein tumor-associated antigen that exists in the epithelial cells of ovarian tumors. When patients suffer from epithelial ovarian cancer and endometrial cancer, the patient's serum CA125 level can be significantly increased.

The serum CA125 level of ovarian cancer patients is significantly increased, and its positive rate can reach 97%, so it has great clinical value in diagnosing ovarian cancer, especially for observing treatment effects and judging recurrence. Other cancers, such as cervical cancer, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, biliary tract cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, etc., also have certain positive reactions. In addition, 3% to 6% of patients with benign ovarian tumors and uterine fibroids sometimes have elevated serum CA125, but most of them do not exceed 100,000 u/L. Serum CA125 is significantly increased in the decompensated stage of liver cirrhosis.

Clinical significance:

① The serum CA125 level of ovarian cancer patients is significantly elevated, and the CA125 level drops rapidly in patients with effective chemotherapy and surgery. If there is a recurrence, the CA125 level may rise before clinical symptoms.

② Other non-ovarian malignancies also have a certain positive rate, such as 40% for breast cancer, 50% for pancreatic cancer, 47% for gastric cancer, 44% for lung cancer, 32% for colorectal cancer, and 43% for other gynecological tumors. For lung cancer patients, the positive rate of CA125 increases significantly with the progression of lung cancer stages. Clinical studies have shown that the positive rate of lung cancer stage I is 7.8%, stage II is 18.6%, stage III is 32.5%, stage IV is 53.9%, and the overall positive rate is 26.9%.

③ Although non-malignant tumors such as endometriosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, ovarian cysts, pancreatitis, hepatitis, and cirrhosis have varying degrees of increase, the positive rate is relatively low.

④ Elevated CA125 levels were found in pleural and abdominal fluids, and higher concentrations of CA125 could also be detected in amniotic fluid.

⑤CA125 may also be elevated within the first 3 months of early pregnancy.

⑥ CA125 in pelvic and abdominal tuberculosis will also increase by dozens of times.

It exists in epithelial ovarian cancer tissue and patient serum, and is mainly used to assist in the diagnosis of malignant serous ovarian cancer and epithelial ovarian cancer. It is also an indicator for observing the efficacy of ovarian cancer surgery and chemotherapy. It can be observed continuously and dynamically.