What are the symptoms of cervical cancer? What are the stages of cervical cancer?

Cervical cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in gynecology. About 200,000 women die of cervical cancer worldwide. In developing countries, cervical cancer is a common gynecological tumor, ranking first. There are 13.15 million new cases found in China each year, and the highest mortality rate is in Shanxi, and the lowest is in Tibet. Cervical cancer refers to a malignant tumor that occurs in the vagina and cervical canal. The metastasis of cervical cancer can spread directly to adjacent tissues and organs, from the bottom to the vaginal vault and vaginal wall, from the top to the top to invade the uterus, from both sides to the pelvic tissue, from the front to the bladder, and from the back to the rectum. It can also be transferred to the cervix, internal iliac, external iliac, inguinal lymph nodes through lymphatic vessels, and even to the clavicle and other lymph nodes throughout the body in the late stage. Blood metastasis is relatively rare, and common metastatic sites are lungs, liver, and bones. Three months after the onset of cervical cancer symptoms, two-thirds of patients have advanced cancer.

Cervical cancer symptoms:

1. Symptoms of cervical cancer Vaginal bleeding: Irregular vaginal bleeding, especially contact bleeding (ie bleeding after sexual intercourse or gynecological examination) and postmenopausal vaginal bleeding are the main symptoms of cervical cancer patients. Cauliflower Cervical cancer bleeds earlier and more heavily.

2. Symptoms of cervical cancer Increased vaginal discharge: white and thin, watery, rice-like or bloody, with a fishy smell. When cancerous tissue ruptures and becomes infected, the discharge may be purulent and have a foul odor.

3. Symptoms of cervical cancer in late stage: Due to the penetration and metastasis of cancer, symptoms may appear in the corresponding parts or even the whole body, such as frequent urination, urgency, anal swelling, constipation, lower limb swelling and pain, sciatica, hydronephrosis, renal failure, uremia, etc., which may eventually lead to systemic failure.

Cervical cancer stages:

Stage 0: refers to the cancer cells are still confined to the cervical epithelial area.

Stage 1: Cancer cells are limited to the cervix. From stage 1, cancer begins to invade.

Stage 2: Cancer cells have invaded the upper two-thirds of the vagina or the connective tissue next to the uterus.

Stage 3: Cancer cells have invaded the lower third of the vagina or the pelvic cavity. Stage 4: Cancer cells have broken through the reproductive organs, or have gone beyond the pelvic cavity, directly invading the rectum or bladder, or even metastasizing to distant sites.

Many factors must be considered before determining the best treatment, including the size of the tumor, the patient's age and overall health, and the early and late stages. Generally speaking, cervical cancer is highly malignant, and 70% of patients are in the late stages when diagnosed. Treatments for cervical cancer include surgical resection, traditional Chinese medicine, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. All patients with stages II, III, and IV are not suitable for surgery.