Main types of human genetic diseases

Human beings are very special beings in this universe, and some genetic diseases come with it. Genetic diseases are divided into many categories, including single gene genetic diseases, chromosomal genetic diseases, etc. If it is a mild genetic disease, it will have no effect on subsequent growth and development, but if it is a severe genetic disease, it will lead to death or disability. As medical technology in modern society continues to advance, some genetic diseases can be cured in infancy. Below we will introduce to you the main types of genetic diseases.

Single gene genetic disease: a relatively mild genetic disease that does not cause stupidity, disability or mortality. This disease is not directly caused by three generations of close relatives, but is the result of marriages beyond three generations or the offspring of a serious genetic disease that has evolved over several generations.

One disease is caused by the deletion or distortion of one pair of alleles. There are thousands of single-gene genetic diseases, such as congenital amblyopia, strabismus, myopia, deafness, body odor, olfactory blindness, color blindness, progeria, congenital asthma, varicose veins, glaucoma, flat feet, syndactyly, hexadactyly, hemophilia, skin disease freckles, hirsutism, premature tooth loss, multiple tuberculosis, osteogenesis imperfecta, psoriasis, hypercholesterolemia, polycystic kidney, neurofibroma, retinoblastoma, peroneal muscular atrophy, achondroplasia, ptosis, albinism, xeroderma pigmentosum, ichthyosis, nystagmus, retinitis pigmentosa, vitamin D-resistant rickets, etc.

Multi-gene genetic diseases: Each disease is related to the deletion or distortion of multiple pairs of genes and has a certain degree of heredity. It is mainly related to inbreeding (within three generations, excluding siblings). There are not many types of diseases, but the harm to humans is relatively serious. Such as mental illness, epilepsy, schizophrenia, depression, phobia, spina bifida, anencephaly, cleft lip, cleft palate, multiple malformations, etc.

Chromosomal disease: (genetic disease caused by chromosomal abnormalities) is mainly the product of incest between brothers and sisters. Hundreds of them. Including congenital idiocy, Turner syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome, cat cry syndrome, hermaphroditism, Down syndrome, etc. It can cause death, stupidity and disability.

Multifactorial disease: a disease caused by the combined action of multiple factors, such as diabetes, hypertension, tumors, cancer, etc.