How to treat the Heartbleed vulnerability

The heart is the most important blood transfusion organ for humans. The heart ensures that the blood has sufficient power to reach all parts of the body. However, the heart is also a very fragile organ and is easily susceptible to stimulation or external physical damage. For example, heart bleeding vulnerability is one of the important complications that threaten heart health. Once it occurs, it will instantly threaten life safety. Therefore, how should heart bleeding vulnerability be treated?

1. Causes of the Heartbleed Vulnerability

Cardiac hemorrhage is mostly caused by sharp objects such as knives, bullets, shrapnel, etc. penetrating the chest wall and injuring the heart. In a few cases, it is caused by violent impact on the front of the heart causing heart rupture. The most common rupture is the right ventricle, followed by the left ventricle and right atrium. Rupture of the left atrium and large blood vessels in the pericardium is rare. The injured person was in shock and complained of chest pain, rapid breathing, rapid heart rate, weak heart sounds, rapid pulse rate, weak pulse volume, low blood pressure, distended jugular veins, and increased venous pressure. Emergency treatment should be initiated immediately based on the traumatic history and the above signs.

2. How the Heartbleed vulnerability works

If there is no pericardial tear or the tear is small and not very smooth, cardiac bleeding is not easily discharged and accumulates in the pericardial cavity. Due to the lack of elasticity of the pericardium, the acute accumulation of a small amount of blood (0.1-0.2L) in the cavity can increase the pressure in the pericardial cavity, compress the atria and vena cava, restrict ventricular relaxation, reduce the atrial-ventricular pressure gradient, form cardiac tamponade, and thus reduce the amount of blood returning to the heart and cardiac output, resulting in increased venous pressure and decreased arterial pressure. Produce acute circulatory failure.

3. Treatment for Heartbleed

If the heart ruptures, surgery should be performed immediately. Acute pericardial tamponade is often a critical condition. Pericardial puncture can be performed first to relieve the pressure, while blood transfusion and fluid replacement can be performed at the same time to buy time for thoracotomy and rescue. Generally, the doctor enters the chest through the 4th intercostal space of the left anterior chest, incises the pericardium, removes the accumulated blood, explores the bleeding point or rupture of the heart wall, presses with fingers to stop the bleeding, and then performs interrupted suture repair. Small branches of the coronary artery that bleed can be sutured, such as the left anterior descending branch or other main branches. Suture ligation plus coronary artery bypass surgery is required under extracorporeal circulation.