What are the symptoms of renal edema, and 4 of the causes

Metabolism is a very important circulation law of the human body and plays a very important role in the human body. However, when the metabolism of the human body changes, it means that some other diseases have occurred in our body. Among them, there are many symptoms of renal edema. Let us understand the symptoms of renal edema.

The kidneys are the main organs for excreting water from the body. When the kidneys are diseased, water cannot be excreted from the body and accumulates in the body, which is called renal edema. Edema is the most common symptom of kidney disease. In mild cases, there is edema of the eyelids and face, while in severe cases, there is edema of the whole body or accompanied by pleural effusion and ascites. The degree of edema can be mild or severe. In mild cases, there is no visible swelling, only weight gain or slightly swollen eyelids in the morning. In severe cases, there may be obvious edema all over the body, and even pleural and abdominal effusion, leading to a weight gain of dozens of kilograms (severe edema). The most common type is pitting edema, which means that when you press your finger you will see a depression.

The causes of renal edema are generally divided into two categories: one is that the glomerular filtration decreases, while the renal tubular reabsorption of water and sodium is still good, resulting in water and sodium retention, which is often accompanied by increased capillary permeability throughout the body, so water retains in the tissue spaces. This situation is more common in nephritis. Another reason is that plasma protein is too low due to excessive proteinuria.

Systemic edema caused by primary renal disease is called renal edema. Renal edema is both the main manifestation of kidney disease and an important clue for diagnosing nephritis. According to its occurrence mechanism, it can be divided into nephritic edema and nephrotic edema.

Causes

① Decreased glomerular filtration rate and water and sodium retention.

② The permeability of capillaries throughout the body increases, making it easier for fluid to enter the tissue spaces from the blood vessels.

③ The plasma protein level decreases, especially the albumin level, which causes the plasma colloidal osmotic pressure to decrease, and water easily moves to the tissue gap.

④ The effective blood volume decreases, leading to secondary increase in aldosterone and aggravating water and sodium retention.

Nephritic edema is mainly seen in acute glomerulonephritis. Due to the high content of interstitial protein, edema often starts from the eyelids and face.

Pathogenesis: While the glomerular filtration rate decreases significantly, there is no corresponding decrease in tubular reabsorption, and some even increase, resulting in serious glomerular-tubular imbalance and a decrease in glomerular filtration fraction (glomerular filtration rate/renal plasma flow), leading to sodium and water retention. In nephritic edema, blood volume is often expanded, accompanied by inhibition of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activity and decreased secretion of antidiuretic hormone. Edema persists and worsens due to factors such as hypertension and increased capillary permeability.

The symptoms of renal edema are not particularly difficult to detect, and renal edema will make the body feel extremely uncomfortable. Therefore, when people feel that they are not particularly comfortable, they must go to the hospital for treatment and examination. Don't take it lightly and let the disease be delayed again and again, missing the best treatment time. In this way, not only will people spend more and more money in the later treatment, but the body may not necessarily improve. Therefore, the sooner any disease is treated, the better.