What are the important items in liver function test

Liver health is very important to people. When abnormal liver function occurs, you should go to the hospital for a good examination in time to avoid greater harm to your health. During the examination process, it is mainly based on the patient's medical history, physical examination, and medical imaging examinations, so as to make a comprehensive judgment and analysis. There are many liver function examination items, and the examination must be carried out under the guidance of a doctor.

(1) Indicators reflecting liver parenchymal damage

It mainly includes alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), etc. Among them, ALT is the most commonly used sensitive indicator. When 1% of liver cells are necrotic, the serum ALT level can increase by 1 times. Continuous increase in AST and values ​​exceeding ALT often indicate severe liver parenchymal damage and is a sign of increasing chronicity.

(2) Indicators reflecting bilirubin metabolism and cholestasis

It mainly includes total bilirubin (TBil), direct and indirect bilirubin, urinary bilirubin, urobilinogen, blood bile acid (TBA), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The above indicators may increase when there is hepatocyte degeneration and necrosis, bilirubin metabolism disorder or intrahepatic cholestasis. In hemolytic jaundice, elevated indirect bilirubin may occur.

(3) Indicators reflecting liver synthesis function

It mainly includes albumin, prealbumin, cholesterol lipase, prothrombin time and activity, etc. When albumin and cholesterol lipase are reduced for a long time and prothrombin activity decreases, and vitamin K supplementation cannot correct the situation, it means that normal liver cells are gradually decreasing, the liver cells have poor function in synthesizing proteins and coagulation factors, the liver reserve function is reduced, and the prognosis is poor.

(4) Indicators reflecting liver fibrosis

It mainly includes type III procollagen (PⅢP), type IV collagen hyaluronic acid (HA), laminin (LN), etc. These indicators can assist in the diagnosis of liver fibrosis and early cirrhosis.

(5) Detection indicators of liver coagulation function

The liver can synthesize all coagulation factors except factor III and factor a chain, and plays an important role in maintaining normal coagulation function. The synthesis of coagulation factors in patients with liver disease is reduced, and clinical symptoms include bleeding from the gums and nasal mucosa, skin ecchymosis, and in severe cases, gastrointestinal bleeding. Generally, factor VII appears first and decreases the most, followed by factors II and X, and factor V appears last and decreases the least.