What are the allergens of urticaria

Urticaria is a common skin disease caused by allergies. There are many substances that cause urticaria allergens. It can be said that many substances in life can induce patients to become ill. The more common ones are food, improper medication, or pollen and dust in the air. In addition, changes in weather temperature, internal organ and systemic diseases, etc. are all important causes of urticaria.

1. Food (15%)

The most common ones are fish, shrimp, eggs, and milk, followed by meat and certain plant foods, such as strawberries, cocoa, and tomatoes. In addition, corrupt foods are broken down into polypeptides. Alkaline polypeptides are histamine releasers. Protein foods are absorbed in the form of peptones or polypeptides before they are completely digested, which can cause urticaria. This is more common in children, and may also be due to the different permeability of the digestive tract mucosa in children and adults. In addition, pigments, flavorings, preservatives added to food, and natural or synthetic substances in food can also cause urticaria.

2. Drugs (10%):

It can be divided into two categories, one is drugs that can form antigens, such as penicillin, serum, vaccines, sulfonamides, furazolidone, etc., and the other is histamine releasers, such as aspirin, morphine, codeine, pethidine, polymyxin, vitamin B, quinine, hydralazine, etc.

3. Infection (10%):

Various infectious factors can cause this disease, the most common of which are viruses that cause upper respiratory tract infection and Staphylococcus aureus, followed by hepatitis, infectious mononucleosis and coxsackievirus; parasitic infections such as ascariasis, hookworms, schistosomiasis, filariasis, ameba and malarial parasites; bacterial infections such as acute tonsillitis, alveolar abscess, sinusitis, impetigo, sepsis, etc.

4. Inhalation (15%):

Pollen, dust, animal dander, smoke, feathers, fungal spores, volatile chemicals (such as formaldehyde, acrolein, pyrethrum, cosmetics, etc.) and other airborne allergens, etc.

5. Physical factors (19%):

Physical and mechanical stimuli such as cold, heat, sunlight, friction and pressure.

6. Visceral and systemic diseases (15%):

Such as rheumatic fever, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, malignant tumors, hyperthyroidism, hyperlipidemia, endocrine changes (menstruation, pregnancy, menopause), infectious mononucleosis and chronic diseases such as cholecystitis, nephritis, diabetes, etc.

7. Animal and plant factors (15%):

Such as insect bites, piercing of poisonous hairs (such as caterpillars, beetles and moths' hair scales piercing the skin) and contact with nettles, wool, etc.

8. Mental factors (15%):

Mental tension or excitement causes the release of acetylcholine after exercise.

9. Genetic factors (5%)

Some types of urticaria are related to genetics, such as familial cold urticaria, hereditary familial urticaria syndrome, etc.