Difference between hysteroscopy and surgery

In daily life, when women suffer from some gynecological diseases, they usually undergo hysteroscopy when they go to the hospital for further examination. This method is to conduct an in-depth examination of the woman's uterus through a hysteroscope. This examination method is more accurate in diagnosing the disease, but it will also have some impact on women's physical health. There are some things that need to be paid attention to before and after the hysteroscopy.

The difference between hysteroscopy and surgery

One is examination, which is just to find out whether there is anything abnormal or diseased in the uterus. The other is surgery, that is, if abnormalities or lesions have been found in the uterine cavity, this instrument is needed for surgical treatment.

Precautions for hysteroscopy

Before the test

1. Hysteroscopy is generally best performed 3-7 days after the menstruation ends.

2. Sexual intercourse is prohibited 3 days after menstruation or before surgery.

3. You can hold your urine for a while before the operation to facilitate B-ultrasound monitoring during the operation.

4. Preoperative examinations include: infectious disease examination (HBsAg, HIV, HCV, RPR), liver function test, renal function test, electrocardiogram, routine blood and urine tests, four coagulation tests, and routine leucorrhea test.

After the inspection

1. Sexual intercourse and bathing are prohibited for one month after the operation.

2. Rest for at least 1 week after surgery.

3. Give appropriate oral antibiotics after surgery.

4. If you have excessive vaginal bleeding, come to the hospital for treatment at any time.

5. There may be a small amount of vaginal bleeding within 2 months after hysteroscopic electroresection, and normal menstruation will not occur until the third month.

6. Go to the hospital to obtain the pathology results and follow-up consultation one week after the operation.

Side effects of hysteroscopy

1. Injury

1. Excessive traction and dilation of the cervix may cause cervical injury or bleeding.

2. Uterine perforation: The rate of uterine perforation in diagnostic hysteroscopy is about 4%. Severe intrauterine adhesions, scarred uterus, excessive anteversion or retroflexion of the uterus, after cervical surgery, atrophic uterus, and lactating uterus are all prone to uterine perforation. Sometimes the perforation is not detected and the surgical procedure continues, which may cause serious intestinal damage. Perforation often occurs at the fundus of the uterus. Laparoscopic monitoring can also reduce the incidence of perforation.

2. Bleeding: There is usually a small amount of vaginal bleeding after hysteroscopy, which usually stops within a week. Hysteroscopic surgery may cause excessive bleeding due to excessive cutting, poor uterine contractions, or incomplete hemostasis during the operation. Bleeding can be stopped with an electrocoagulator or by compression with a Foley catheter for 6 to 8 hours.

3. The infection rate is low. Knowing the indications and contraindications, using antibiotics appropriately before and after surgery, and strictly disinfecting instruments can avoid the occurrence of infection.

4. Complications caused by uterine distension

Excessive absorption of distending fluid is a common complication during uterine distension, which often occurs during hysteroscopic surgery and is related to excessive distension pressure and a large area of ​​endometrial damage. If the operation lasts too long, it may easily lead to excessive absorption, resulting in excessive blood volume and hyponatremia, causing a series of systemic symptoms, and in severe cases, death. Using carbon dioxide as a uterine inflation medium can lead to serious complications or even death if the inflation speed is too fast. Currently, a dedicated inflation device is used, and the inflation speed is controlled at 100ml/min to avoid the occurrence of complications. Carbon dioxide uterine distension causes postoperative shoulder pain, which is caused by carbon dioxide stimulating the diaphragm.