Commonly used anti-inflammatory antibiotics

In life, if we have some common sense, we will actually be very familiar with drugs such as anti-inflammatory antibiotics. Especially some anti-inflammatory drugs, if there is inflammation in our body, anti-inflammatory drugs will be very effective. However, many people do not know what antibiotics are, nor do they understand the difference between anti-inflammatory drugs and antibiotics. Let’s talk about it today and also introduce some commonly used anti-inflammatory antibiotics.

1. The difference between anti-inflammatory drugs and antibiotics

Antibiotics do not act directly on inflammation, but rather kill the microorganisms that cause inflammation. Anti-inflammatory drugs are used to treat inflammation, such as commonly used anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs such as aspirin. Most people mistakenly believe that antibiotics can treat all inflammation. In fact, antibiotics are only effective against inflammation caused by bacteria, but not against inflammation caused by viruses. There are a large number of normal and beneficial bacteria in the human body. If antibiotics are used to treat aseptic inflammation, these drugs will suppress and kill the beneficial bacteria in the human body after entering the human body, causing bacterial imbalance and a decrease in resistance. Congestion, redness, swelling, pain of local soft tissues that often occur in daily life, contact dermatitis caused by allergic reactions, drug-induced dermatitis, and inflammation caused by viruses should not be treated with antibiotics.

2. What are the anti-inflammatory drugs?

2.1 Penicillins

Commonly used ones include penicillin G, penicillin V, methicillin (New Penicillin I), ampicillin (ampicillin), amoxicillin (hydroxyampicillin), ticarcillin (carboxytic thiophene penicillin), piperacillin (oxypiperacillin), etc. The main advantages of penicillins are strong bactericidal effects, few toxic side effects, safe use by pregnant women and children, and no effect on liver function.

2.2 Aminoglycosides

Aminoglycosides are broad-spectrum antibiotics with good bactericidal effects on Gram-negative bacteria and are suitable for lower respiratory tract, urinary tract, intestinal infections, etc. Different varieties have different characteristics. Gentamicin, tobramycin, netilmicin, and amikacin (amikacin) are commonly used varieties, among which netilmicin has stronger antibacterial activity and lower oto-renal toxicity.

2.3 Cephalosporins

Can be divided into four generations. The first-generation cephalosporins include cefazolin (Xianfeng No. 5), cefradine (Xianfeng No. 6), etc., and the oral ones include cephalexin (Xianfeng No. 4), cefradine (Xianfeng No. 6), cefadroxil, etc. Suitable for respiratory tract, skin and soft tissue, urinary and reproductive tract infections, etc.

3. Types of antibiotics

3.1 Aminoglycosides

Commonly used varieties include streptomycin, gentamicin, kanamycin, amikacin, and nicotinic acid. This type of antibiotic is stable in nature, has a broad antibacterial effect, and can kill sensitive bacteria under aerobic conditions.

3.2 Tetracyclines

Tetracycline, oxytetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, etc. This type of antibiotic is the most dangerous, so it is forbidden for pregnant women, breastfeeding women and children under 8 years old.

3.3 β-lactams

This category has the most varieties and the widest application, and includes two parts. ① Penicillin (pentacyclic lactam): Commonly used varieties include penicillin sodium, penicillin potassium, ampicillin sodium, amoxicillin, piperacillin, penicillin V potassium, etc. ② Cephalosporins (six-membered ring lactams): Commonly used varieties include cephalexin, cefadroxil, cefazolin sodium, cefradine, ceftriaxone sodium and other "cephalosporins".

3.4 Macrolides

Commonly used varieties include erythromycin, erythromycin ethylsuccinate, roxithromycin, midecamycin, acetylspiramycin, kitasamycin, etc.

3.5. The commonly used type of chloramphenicol is chloramphenicol.

3.6. Lincomycins: lincomycin and clindamycin.

3.7. Quinolones: norfloxacin, ofloxacin, lomefloxacin and other "floxacins".

3.8. Other major antibacterial antibiotics: Commonly used ones include norvancomycin, fosfomycin, capreomycin, rifampicin, etc.

Precautions for using anti-inflammatory drugs

1. People with allergies should use antibiotics with caution, and drugs that cause allergies are contraindicated.

2. Macrolides, sulfonamides, anti-tuberculosis and anti-fungal drugs should be used with caution in patients with liver dysfunction. When the latter two are used for a long time, liver function should be checked regularly. Cephalosporins can also damage liver function at higher doses.

3. Elderly and young patients should avoid using nephrotoxic and ototoxic drugs such as gentamicin, streptomycin, and kanamycin.

4. Sulfonamides inhibit thyroid function and are contraindicated in patients with hypothyroidism.

5. Chinese medicine preparations such as Shuanghuanglian oral liquid, Andrographis paniculata tablets, Rubescens rubescens tablets, Golden Lotus granules, and herbs such as wild chrysanthemum, honeysuckle, forsythia, dandelion, and scutellaria baicalensis are more suitable for non-purulent upper respiratory tract infections and have fewer side effects.

6. If there are no clear signs of infection, the use of antibiotics should be avoided as much as possible to prevent the development of drug resistance (bacteria adapt to and resist drugs) and dual infection (after sensitive bacteria are killed, insensitive bacteria infect the body due to loss of antagonism).