What are the toxic and side effects of commonly used drugs for bone cancer treatment

While bone cancer chemotherapy drugs are working, they will inevitably damage normal cells and produce some toxic side effects, among which gastrointestinal reactions, bone marrow suppression, central nervous system toxicity, liver and kidney function damage, and cardiac toxicity are more common. Different chemotherapy drugs have different mechanisms of action and produce different toxic side effects.

The following are the toxic and side effects of commonly used bone tumor chemotherapy drugs: methotrexate, doxorubicin, ifosfamide, and cisplatin.

1. Methotrexate

High-dose use of methotrexate can produce a series of toxic effects such as bone marrow suppression, liver and kidney dysfunction, etc. In addition, it can also cause serious mucosal reactions such as stomatitis, ulcerative gastritis, hemorrhagic enteritis, etc.

2. Doxorubicin

The main toxic side effects of doxorubicin include bone marrow suppression and cardiotoxicity, among which cardiotoxicity has a cumulative dose phenomenon.

3. Ifosfamide

The side effects of ifosfamide include bone marrow suppression, urinary tract and renal toxicity, central nervous system toxicity, gastrointestinal reactions, hair loss, etc. The most prominent one is hemorrhagic cystitis.

4. Cisplatin

Cisplatin also has obvious toxic side effects, such as gastrointestinal reactions, nephrotoxicity, bone marrow transplantation, allergic reactions, neurotoxicity, and ototoxicity.

Tips: To prevent side effects, the dosage should be controlled

During chemotherapy, the amount of drugs used must be strictly controlled and not exceed the body's tolerance. The chemotherapy plan should be formulated according to the patient's actual situation. Side effects such as nausea, vomiting, and hair loss are normal phenomena of chemotherapy and will generally recover after stopping the drug.