Early diagnosis criteria for ovarian cancer

The occurrence of ovarian cancer has brought endless pain to the majority of female friends. Since ovarian cancer has no obvious symptoms in the early stages of the disease, it is not easy for patients to detect it. Therefore, ovarian cancer is usually detected in the middle and late stages. Therefore, female friends must achieve early detection so that early treatment can be given. So what are the diagnostic criteria for ovarian cancer?

Diagnostic criteria for ovarian cancer 1. Early diagnosis: Since there are no typical symptoms and signs in the early stage of ovarian malignant tumors, detailed medical history and careful physical and gynecological examinations are still extremely important. If there are suspicious cases in the clinic, modern imaging examinations and broad tumor marker examinations should be used to make an early diagnosis. The so-called suspicious cases may be long-term ovarian dysfunction, long-term unexplained digestive or urinary tract symptoms, enlarged ovaries in young girls or palpable ovaries after menopause, and rapid enlargement, fixation, and hardening of suspected ovarian tumors.

Diagnostic criteria for ovarian cancer 2. Positional diagnosis: For patients who can feel the adnexal mass in the early stage, combined with imaging examination, the localization diagnosis is not difficult. However, in some cases, the primary tumor metastasizes outside the ovary and forms small nodules scattered in the pelvic cavity when the primary tumor is still small. At this time, some special examination methods should be selected to assist in the qualitative diagnosis, and should not rely solely on follow-up and make mistakes.

Diagnostic criteria for ovarian cancer III. Qualitative diagnosis: Although diagnostic techniques are changing with each passing day, vaginal posterior fornix aspiration smear examination, uterine rectal pouch puncture fluid examination and ascites cytology examination are still simple, easy and rapid basic examinations. For suspicious cases, laparoscopy and histological examination can immediately confirm the diagnosis. Imaging examinations, especially vaginal ultrasound scanning, can help to make a qualitative diagnosis of the boundary and internal structure of early ovarian malignant tumors. Endocrine examinations are helpful for the diagnosis of ovarian gonadal stromal tumors and some ovarian cancers with ectopic endocrine syndrome. The detection of serum tumor markers such as CA125, CEA, SONA, SGA, etc. has high sensitivity to ovarian malignant tumors, but its specificity is poor, so its type cannot be determined by a single immunological test. However, the combined detection of multiple tumor markers, such as the simultaneous detection of CA125, CEA, ferritin and tissue polypeptide antigen TPA, can improve the reliability of qualitative diagnosis.