Is the recurrence rate of immature ovarian teratoma in children high?

Ovarian immature teratoma occurs in children from time to time. Teratoma is a very small tumor that does little harm to the body and is a very rare disease. It is usually treated with surgery. So, is the recurrence rate of ovarian immature teratoma in children high?

Does immature ovarian teratoma have a high recurrence rate in children? Experts say that the high recurrence rate of immature ovarian teratoma is related to the lack of chemotherapy or the use of inappropriate chemotherapy drugs and methods. Most of the recurrence sites are in the pelvic and abdominal cavities.

The high recurrence rate of immature ovarian teratoma is related to the lack of chemotherapy or inappropriate chemotherapy drugs and methods. Most recurrence sites are in the pelvic and abdominal cavities.

Recurrent immature teratoma of the ovary has the characteristic of transforming from immaturity to maturity. Factors that promote the reversal of tumor malignancy include: 1. Time factor. The pathological grading of the recurrent tumor is closely related to the time interval from the first surgery. Most of those with a time of less than 1 year are immature, and those who relapse in a short period of time still have poorly differentiated tumor cells. The later the recurrence, the longer the time interval, and the less malignant it is over time, and the tumor tissue differentiates towards maturity. This regular tendency of transformation from immaturity to maturity is very similar to the development and growth of a normal embryo, which has a natural tendency to develop towards maturity, and this mature development requires a certain period of time. 2. The influence of chemotherapy. 3. Cytogenetic examination.

Surgery

(1) The scope of surgery should first be explored in detail, especially the diaphragm, liver surface and retroperitoneal lymph nodes, to correctly stage the tumor. The vast majority of tumors are unilateral, and the patients are often very young. It is often recommended to perform unilateral adnexectomy to preserve fertility. If the patient has no fertility requirements and the tumor is stage II or III, bilateral adnexes and hysterectomy can be performed. The greater omentum is a common site of metastasis, and it is performed regardless of the early or late stage of the tumor. There is no consensus on whether the retroperitoneal lymph nodes should be routinely removed. For patients with extensive abdominal implants and metastases, tumor cell reduction surgery should be performed as much as possible to achieve basic tumor removal. Tumors are mostly surface implants with little parenchymal infiltration, so surgical removal is not difficult.

(2) Surgical treatment of recurrent tumors Recurrent tumors of immature teratomas are still mainly treated by surgical resection, supplemented by effective combined chemotherapy. Recurrent tumors are often large or medium-sized tumors that are widely distributed in the abdominal and pelvic cavities. They are located in the liver or between the liver and diaphragms. From the appearance, surgical resection is difficult, but do not give up easily. It is still possible to remove the tumor. If the adhesion is severe and cannot be completely removed, a small amount of tumor tissue can be left, and postoperative chemotherapy can also achieve good results.

(3) Surgical treatment for residual tumors that have been transformed into pathological grade 0 and have not been completely removed ① If the tumor is large and involves organs and produces symptoms, such as being close to the liver or diaphragm, causing compression symptoms and even affecting breathing and producing a large amount of abdominal effusion; the tumor is located in the mesentery, affecting intestinal peristalsis; the tumor is close to the pelvic wall, compressing the ureter, etc., surgery must be performed as soon as possible to relieve symptoms. ② If the patient has undergone multiple major surgical traumas in the recent period, although there are still pathological grade 0 tumors in the abdominal cavity, the tumor is not large (less than or equal to 6 cm in diameter) and is asymptomatic, follow-up observation can be performed and surgery can be performed at a later date after the physical condition improves. ③ In some patients, pathological grade 0 tumors that remain in the abdominal cavity may still become malignant after a certain time interval. Although the chance of mature teratomas turning into adenocarcinomas or carcinoids is low, once they become malignant, they are highly malignant and have a poor prognosis. If the patient's general condition recovers well, the remaining mature teratomas that have been transformed into grade 0 should be removed.