Detailed introduction to ovarian tumors

Ovarian tumors refer to tumors that occur on the ovaries. They are one of the most common tumors of the female reproductive organs. Ovarian tumors are also the tumor with the highest mortality rate among gynecological tumors. Although great progress has been made in both basic research and clinical diagnosis and treatment of ovarian tumors in recent years, unfortunately, the 5-year survival rate has not improved significantly.

Ovarian tumors are one of the most serious tumors that threaten women's lives, and they are not easy to detect early. There are usually no symptoms in the early stages, and as the tumor grows, there may be slight discomfort such as falling and bloating. Some tumors that produce estrogen can cause menstrual disorders. Many people seek medical treatment only when they feel a mass in the lower abdomen, but by then the tumor is already large and is mostly in the late stage. Late-stage ovarian tumors are often accompanied by ascites, and the abdomen grows rapidly. Patients feel shortness of breath, bloating, loss of appetite, weight loss, fever, etc.

Complications of ovarian tumors include tumor pedicle torsion, rupture and infection, which can cause acute abdominal pain, fever and even shock. Sudden changes in body position and changes in the uterus during pregnancy and delivery can induce tumor torsion. Small ovarian tumors are mainly found by gynecological examinations. The first step in diagnosis is to distinguish between benign, ovarian, and physiological tumors.

Unilateral cysts with smooth and mobile surfaces are mostly benign; physiological cysts are generally no larger than 5 cm in diameter; bilateral solid or mixed cystic and solid tumors that grow rapidly and have irregular shapes are often benign, and must be differentiated from other pelvic masses such as uterine fibroids, endometriosis, adnexitis, and tumors other than reproductive organs. X-rays, B-ultrasound, laparoscopy, etc. can assist in diagnosis.

The main treatment method is surgical resection, and chemotherapy or radiotherapy is required after the tumor is removed. Advanced cancer should also try to remove most of the tumor surgically and then undergo chemotherapy. Some patients still have hope of cure. Regular gynecological examinations are required to facilitate early detection and early treatment. Those who have been confirmed to have neoplasms should undergo surgical resection as soon as possible.