What are the high-risk factors for osteosarcoma

Osteosarcoma is a malignant tumor. When many patients learn that they have this disease, they are sentenced to death. They have to go to the hospital for amputation. Because of this information asymmetry, patients lose the best time for treatment and lose the good opportunity to save their lives. Let's take a closer look at the high-risk factors for osteosarcoma:

1 Clinically, it is not very clear what causes osteosarcoma. Some patients develop symptoms of osteosarcoma, and the main inducing factors are trauma and stimulation, as well as viral infection, all of which will directly lead to osteosarcoma.

2 The occurrence of osteosarcoma also includes some genetic factors, as well as the patient's exposure to some radioactive substances, or viral infection, etc. When osteosarcoma occurs, patients are often prone to secondary symptoms, because this is caused by the malignant transformation of benign tumors. Primary osteosarcoma is related to genetics: ① The risk of osteosarcoma in patients with retinoblastoma is about 2000 times higher than that of the normal population. This is because the retinoblastoma gene (Rb gene) is a tumor suppressor gene located on the long arm of chromosome 13 (13q14). The deletion or inactivation of this gene is the direct cause of retinoblastoma. In cases of sporadic or associated osteosarcoma with retinoblastoma, there is often a deletion of the Rb gene. In cases of bilateral retinoblastoma, about 12% develop osteosarcoma, and more than 70% of osteosarcoma cases have inactivated Rb gene products. ② In many sporadic cases, there is often a mutation in another tumor suppressor gene p53, which is located on the short arm of chromosome 17. The incidence of osteosarcoma is significantly increased in families with Li-Fraumeni syndrome who have p53 gene mutations. 45% of osteosarcomas have p53 gene mutations.

3 The pathogenesis of osteosarcoma is not very clear now, but the symptoms of osteosarcoma are mainly a kind of primitive group of cells. In clinical practice, patients can further diagnose the disease through some examination methods. Once diagnosed, we must seize the time to treat it.

Osteosarcoma, like other human tumors, has unclear etiology and mechanism. Its pathogenic factors are very complex. The internal factors include the diathesis theory, the genetic theory, the endocrine theory, etc.; the external factors include chemical substances, internal and external radiation, the chronic inflammatory stimulation theory, the viral infection theory, etc. Some other benign bone tumors such as Paget's disease, giant cell tumor of bone, and dysplastic bone fibrous tissue structure can cause osteosarcoma, which is more common in patients after middle age.

Note: The above mentioned are the causes of osteosarcoma. It is recommended that everyone must prevent the occurrence of osteosarcoma as early as possible in life. At the same time, patients should not worry too much and should maintain an optimistic attitude to actively treat the disease.