How many clinical types of hamartoma are there

How many clinical types of hamartoma are there? Hamartoma is unfamiliar to many people, and some have never even heard of it. At present, clinically, hamartoma is not a true tumor, but a pseudotumor caused by the wrong combination and arrangement of normal tissues in organs. The disease is relatively recurrent and has many types. Let's take a look at how many clinical types of hamartoma there are.

1. Hypothalamic hamartoma: Hypothalamic hamartoma, also known as gray tubercle hamartoma and hypothalamic neuronal hamartoma, is an extremely rare congenital abnormal development of brain tissue in clinical practice.

2. Hepatic Hamartoma: There are no symptoms in the early stage. Some children have abdominal masses at birth, which can rapidly increase in size as they grow. At this time, a mass can be felt in the right upper abdomen, which is hard and painless and moves up and down with breathing. In the late stage, a huge painless abdominal mass and the resulting compression symptoms may appear. The digestive tract manifests itself as nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension, constipation, etc. The mass presses the diaphragm upward, which can cause breathing difficulties. In severe cases, it can cause respiratory distress or heart failure, and there are symptoms such as anemia and weight loss.

3. Breast Hamartoma: Breast Hamartoma is usually a single round, oval or oblate tumor with clear boundaries and soft texture. If it is surrounded by fibrous tissue, it will feel harder. According to literature reports, the size of the tumor is 1 to 20 cm, with good mobility and no adhesion to the surrounding area. It grows slowly and is asymptomatic, and patients often discover it accidentally.

4. Pulmonary Hamartoma: The age of onset is 30 to 60 years old, with slightly more males than females. Pulmonary Hamartoma grows slowly and is mostly located on the periphery of the lungs. It is generally asymptomatic and is often discovered during a chest X-ray during a health check. Those with symptoms often show symptoms such as cough, sputum, hemoptysis, shortness of breath, chest pain, and fever. Hamartomas in the main bronchi and lobar bronchi, especially those in the ridge area, show symptoms early, often accompanied by wheezing, and even cause severe dyspnea and cyanosis, and are misdiagnosed as asthma. Tumors located in the lobes or main bronchi cause stenosis and partial obstruction of the lumen, causing secondary infection. Patients often seek medical treatment for acute or chronic pulmonary suppuration.

In addition, there is another common type of renal hamartoma. Most patients with renal hamartomas do not have obvious symptoms. Some larger hamartomas may cause digestive discomfort due to compression of the duodenum, stomach and other organs. When a larger hamartoma suddenly ruptures, the patient will experience symptoms such as waist and abdominal pain and hematuria. Patients with severe hemorrhage may feel a mass in the abdomen and may even have symptoms of shock, so active treatment is required.