How to diagnose cervical cancer in its early stages? Methods for diagnosing cervical cancer in its early stages

Cervical cancer is not unfamiliar to some women. It can be divided into early, middle and late stages according to the course of the disease. The current treatment principle for this disease is early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment will reduce some risks, so early detection and diagnosis of this disease is very important. So how to diagnose cervical cancer in its early stages?

1. Be familiar with the early symptoms of cervical cancer: contact vaginal bleeding, irregular vaginal bleeding, postmenopausal vaginal bleeding, menstrual bleeding, increased vaginal discharge with odor, etc. These may be early symptoms of cervical cancer. Once such symptoms occur, you should go to the hospital as soon as possible to receive gynecological examinations, cytology, colposcopy, cervical biopsy and other related examinations.

2. Confirmation through pathological examination: When doctors suspect cervical lesions and cytological examination is abnormal, they need to bite the cervical lesions with biopsy forceps under direct vision or colposcopy, and take one or more tissues for pathological examination. Pathological tissue diagnosis is the standard for diagnosing cervical cancer.

3. Iodine test: Sampling in the unstained area can improve accuracy. When sampling, the junction of the cervical squamous columnar epithelium should be included. It is best to perform biopsy at 3, 6, 9, and 12 o'clock to prevent missed diagnosis.

4. Colposcopy: The colposcope can magnify the cervix 16 to 40 times, observe the changes in the cervical epithelium more carefully, and see the junction of the squamous and columnar epithelium. Biopsy under the guidance of the colposcope can improve accuracy. When you cannot see the junction of the squamous and columnar epithelium, you should scrape the endocervical canal and send the scratch to the ward for examination.

5. Cervical cone biopsy: Cone excision of the cervix. Colposcopy is used to determine the location of the lesion before surgery, and iodine test can also be used. Except for invasive cancer, the excised specimen should be a continuous pathological section.

Pregnant women with cervical cancer or precancerous lesions also occur from time to time. Patients or doctors often attribute vaginal bleeding during pregnancy to threatened abortion, miscarriage or placenta previa, and worry that vaginal speculum examination will have adverse effects on pregnancy and unnecessary examination of vaginal bleeding during pregnancy will delay diagnosis. Therefore, the cervix should also be examined during pregnancy.