What are the types of interventional treatment for liver cancer? Types and principles of interventional physical ablation treatment for liver cancer

Surgical resection is the preferred treatment for primary liver tumors, but it is subject to great limitations due to its low resection rate and many postoperative complications. Interventional physical ablation treatments for liver tumors mainly include percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy, percutaneous radiofrequency electrocoagulation therapy, laser coagulation therapy, and cryotherapy. Physical ablation technology has the advantages of simple operation, safety, easy repetition, definite efficacy, few postoperative complications, and low treatment costs, and has become an important part of liver cancer treatment.

Percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy, percutaneous radiofrequency electrocoagulation therapy and laser coagulation therapy are to directly introduce energy into the tumor, and locally generate high heat. Practice shows that 54 degrees Celsius for 1 minute or above 60 degrees Celsius can cause complete necrosis of normal tissues, while tumor cells are more sensitive. Cryotherapy is a method of treating liver cancer by circulating a cryogen to a temperature below zero. At -20 to -30 degrees Celsius, tissue damage is irreversible and tissue cells are necrotic. Both hyperthermia and cryotherapy have the potential to enhance cellular immune function and improve local and systemic immune status.