What are the methods for diagnosing lung cancer? Hospitals often use 4 methods to diagnose lung cancer

Lung cancer is a disease that is not unfamiliar to everyone. Many people have heard of this disease, but they do not know that this disease is caused by the cancerous proliferation of lung cells. Smoking is the main factor that induces its onset. We should pay attention to timely prevention and treatment of this disease in our lives. Let's take a look at the methods of diagnosing lung cancer.

1. Cytological examination

Sputum cytology is a simple and effective method for diagnosing lung cancer. In the sputum of primary lung cancer, detached cancer cells can generally be found. The sputum coughed up from deep in the lungs after the patient gargles can be made into specimens, which is also relatively accurate in determining the histological type of lung cancer.

2. Radionuclide examination

Radioactive drugs have an affinity for lung cancer and its metastatic lesions. They can be concentrated in the tumor after intravenous injection and can be used to locate lung cancer and show the extent of the cancer. However, other non-cancerous lesions such as lung inflammation and tuberculosis can also show concentration phenomena, so a comprehensive analysis must be conducted in combination with clinical manifestations and other examination data.

3. Mediastinoscopy

It is mainly used to determine the extent of central lung cancer invading the mediastinum. The neck is cut open, and the mediastinoscope is passed through the innominate artery and aorta to the tracheal carina area to observe the enlarged lymph nodes. The lymph nodes are then aspirated or removed for pathological section examination.

4. Percutaneous lung biopsy

When the patient's physical condition is not suitable for thoracotomy, percutaneous puncture lung tissue biopsy can be used. The diseased site is determined under X-ray fluoroscopy, and the puncture needle is inserted into the central part of the diseased site under local infiltration anesthesia and after the lung cancer patient holds his breath.