Intracranial demyelinating lesions

Because the incidence of intracranial demyelinating diseases in people is not very high, most people may not have heard of the problem of intracranial demyelinating diseases. If a person suffers from intracranial demyelinating disease, he will often feel headaches, and if the intracranial demyelinating disease reaches a serious level, it will cause damage to a person's brain nerves. Let’s learn about intracranial demyelinating lesions below.

Demyelinating disease

Symptoms and signs:

1) Causes of headache

The incidence of headaches in demyelinating diseases is not high, but demyelinating patients also have headaches. There are two reasons for this:

1. Nerve irritation symptoms. In normal nerve fibers, sensory impulses occur in nerve endings and cell bodies, and motor impulses occur in cell bodies. In diseased nerve fibers, impulses may occur in the middle of the axon and be transmitted to the periphery and central nervous system. This ectopic impulse may be caused by increased susceptibility and extreme sensitivity to mechanical stimulation. It may also occur spontaneously following the normal impulse of the same fiber or a certain stimulus may cause repeated excitement at the diseased site, which may cause pain.

2. Demyelination is accompanied by infiltration of lymphocytes, plasma cells, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes, forming a severe inflammatory reaction, irritating the meninges and even causing increased intracranial pressure and leading to headaches.

2) Disease classification

1. Demyelination is divided into the following 5 categories:

A. Viral. B. Immunity. C. Hereditary (hypomyelination). D. Toxic/nutritional. E. Traumatic.

2. Olekmj classifies demyelinating diseases as follows:

A. Autoimmune. B. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. C. Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis. D. Multiple sclerosis. E. Infectious. F. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. G. Toxic/Metabolic. H. Carbon monoxide poisoning. I. Vitamin B12 deficiency. J. Mercury poisoning (minamata disease). K. Alcohol/tobacco toxic amblyopia. L. Central pontine myelinolysis. M. marchiafava-bignami syndrome. N. Hypoxia. O. Radioactivity. P. Vascular. Q. binswanger disease. R. Inherited disorders of myelin metabolism. S. Adrenoleukodystrophy. T. Metachromatic leukodystrophy. U. krabbe disease. V. alexander disease. W. canavan-van. X. Bogaert-Bertrand disease. Y. pelizaeus-merzbacher disease. Z. Phenylketonuria. The most common clinical disease is multiple sclerosis.

3) Symptoms and signs

The following is an introduction to the main symptoms and signs of multiple sclerosis commonly seen in outpatient clinics:

Multiple sclerosis is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system caused by an autoimmune disorder. Most cases occur between the ages of 20 and 40, but rarely occur in people under 10 or over 50. The onset can be acute or slow, and is manifested by:

1. Psychiatric symptoms: such as irritability, excessive crying, excessive laughing, memory loss, etc.

2. Articulation disorder or inconsistent speech.

3. Visual impairment.

4. Decreased or abnormal sensations.

5. Impaired limb movement or paralysis.

6. Urinary disorders, impotence, etc.

This disease is fluctuating, that is, the symptoms may be relieved on their own or after treatment after an attack, but may recur after a period of time. However, each relapse may leave a certain degree of functional impairment, and the general trend is that the condition gradually worsens. The disease is generally not very serious after recovery, and the average survival period after onset is 25-30 years.

treat

1. In the early stage, use hydrocortisone 100-200 mg or dexamethasone 5-10 mg intravenous drip once a day. After 7-10 days, if the condition stabilizes, change to oral prednisone 30 mg. The dosage can be gradually reduced as the condition improves.

2. 20% mannitol 250ml intravenous drip once a day for dehydration, 706 generation plasma 500ml intravenous drip once a day to improve spinal cord microcirculation.

3. Give large doses of B vitamins and neurotrophic drugs such as citicoline.

4. Appropriately choose antibiotics to prevent respiratory and urinary tract infections.

5. Turn over and pat your back regularly to prevent bedsores. Strengthen functional exercises of the affected limb to prevent limb deformities.

1. Drug treatment:

Treatment of this disease should be carried out as early as possible to control the deterioration of the disease and reduce recurrence. Commonly used drugs include prednisone, epinephrine, dexamethasone, methylprednisolone, etc. The doctor chooses the medicine based on the patient's condition, treatment response and financial situation.

2.Combined treatment:

Neural cell targeted repair therapy allows nerve growth factor to act on the damaged site in an interventional manner. Activate dormant nerve cells, realize self-differentiation and renewal of nerve cells, replace damaged and dead nerve cells, rebuild neural circuits, and promote the redevelopment of organs.