What are the common examination methods for prostate cancer

Prostate cancer is a malignant tumor and a disease with a high incidence rate in men. Many patients cannot accept their condition after being diagnosed and become depressed or irritable. In fact, everyone should maintain a positive attitude to accept examination and treatment. The following is an introduction to prostate cancer examination methods.

Laboratory tests:

Blood test: serum prostate-specific antigen (pSA) is elevated, but in about 30% of patients, pSA may not be elevated, but only fluctuates within the normal range (normal range & 4.0ng/ml). If pSA determination is combined with digital rectal examination (DRE), the detection rate will be significantly improved.

Other auxiliary examinations:

1. Ultrasound examination can detect low-echo nodules in the prostate, but they must be differentiated from inflammation or stones.

2. Radionuclide bone scanning can often show metastatic lesions earlier than X-rays.

3. CT or MRI examinations can show prostate morphological changes, tumors and metastasis. The main CT manifestations of prostate cancer are that the cancer foci show low-density areas with no obvious enhancement during enhanced scanning, irregular capsule display, disappearance of fat around the gland, blurred boundaries of the seminal vesicles after the seminal vesicles are invaded, disappearance of the bladder-seminal vesicle angle or enlargement of the seminal vesicles; when the tumor invades the bladder or the organs around the prostate, the pelvic CT may show corresponding changes. When the pelvic lymph nodes have tumor metastasis, CT can judge whether metastasis has occurred based on the changes in the size of the pelvic lymph node group.

The MRI examination of prostate cancer mainly uses the T2-weighted sequence. On the T2-weighted image, if a low-signal defect area appears within the high-signal peripheral zone of the prostate, if the prostate band structure is destroyed, and the boundary between the peripheral zone and the central zone disappears, prostate cancer should be considered.

4. Prostate biopsy can be used as a method to confirm prostate cancer. Failure to remove tumor tissue does not negate the diagnosis.

From the above content, we can know that the laboratory test items for prostate cancer include SpA. When the SpA level in the patient's serum is elevated, it is of great significance for the diagnosis of prostate cancer. In addition, patients can also undergo B-ultrasound examinations, radionuclide bone scans, etc. These examinations can help patients understand the metastasis of prostate cancer and have guiding significance for the treatment of the disease.