What are the causes of melanoma

Melanocytoma can be composed of epidermal melanocytes, nevus cells or dermal melanocytes. The tumor originates from the neural crest of the ectoderm. Melanocytes are arranged between the epidermis and basal cells. After the cells produce pigments, they transport melanin particles to basal cells and hair through dendrites. Most malignant melanomas occur due to repeated friction, scratching and damage of melanin nevi, which cause malignant changes. Improper excavation and drug corrosion can transform benign melanin nevi into malignant melanomas. Malignant melanoma develops rapidly in women during pregnancy or childbearing age, indicating that the disease is related to endocrine. In terms of age, it mostly occurs in middle-aged and elderly people, and very few occur before puberty. It is reported that 84% of malignant melanomas come from benign nevi. According to the Wieeio report, many patients did not notice it in the early stage of the disease because the nevi were too small. Some people believe that benign nevi are the biggest source of malignant melanoma. So, what factors cause melanoma?

The exact cause of normal melanocytes becoming neoplastic is still unclear, but it may be related to the following factors:

1. Air pollution

The large-scale emission of harmful substances such as Freon has destroyed the ozone layer, resulting in insufficient ultraviolet filtration. Harmful ultraviolet rays and harmful substances in the air work together to act on human skin, causing abnormal expression of melanocytes and triggering melanoma.

2. The desire for beauty is at work

In pursuit of clean and tender skin, many people use a large amount of chemical cosmetics, causing chemical skin pollution. Some people even use chemical corrosives to remove moles on the skin, but the result is counterproductive and stimulates the excessive proliferation of melanocytes.

3. Lack of health knowledge

Not enough attention has been paid to moles growing on areas prone to friction, such as the feet and perineum, which have been subjected to long-term compression and friction, eventually leading to malignant transformation.

4. Abuse of estrogen drugs

Studies have found that malignant melanoma cells contain estrogen receptors, and people suspect that excess estrogen can stimulate the occurrence of melanoma.

5. Immunodeficiency

With the improvement of living standards, the life expectancy of Chinese people has been significantly extended. With the increase of age, the human immune function gradually declines. Studies have found that low immune function is one of the important causes of melanoma, so the incidence of melanoma in the elderly is very high clinically.

6. Benign melanin plaques

That is, moles, among which junctional moles are most likely to become malignant, mixed moles are less likely, and endothelial moles rarely become malignant. However, most scalp melanomas are not transformed from moles, so some people believe that this disease is not entirely related to moles.

7. Race

The incidence rate among white people is higher than that among people of color. For example, the annual incidence rate among white people in the United States is as high as 42/100,000, while that among black people is only 0.8/100,000.