Is the incidence of primary bone cancer high?

The incidence of primary bone cancer is relatively low, but it still needs to be taken seriously in certain populations. Its onset may be related to genetic, environmental, physiological factors, trauma and other pathological factors. Treatment methods include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and targeted therapy.

1. Genetic factors

Some primary bone cancers are related to inherited gene mutations. For example, patients with Li-Fraumeni syndrome and hereditary retinoblastoma have a higher risk of bone cancer. People with a family history of bone cancer should undergo regular bone examinations. Early screening can help reduce the risk.

2. Environmental factors

Long-term exposure to radioactive substances or chemical carcinogens may increase the risk of bone cancer. For example, people who work in radiation-related jobs or live in nuclear contaminated areas need to take precautions to reduce exposure to harmful environments.

3. Physiological factors

Teens and young adults are at high risk for primary bone cancer, probably because of their rapid bone growth. Osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma are common types that often develop at the growing ends of long bones. Regular physical examinations and attention to bone health are essential for early detection.

4. Trauma

Although trauma itself does not directly lead to bone cancer, repeated bone damage may induce abnormal proliferation of local cells and increase the risk of cancer. When exercising or working, you should pay attention to protecting your bones and avoid excessive load.

5. Pathological factors

Some benign bone tumors or bone diseases may turn into bone cancer, such as fibrous dysplasia of bone. Regular follow-up and timely treatment of benign lesions can help prevent malignant transformation.

Treatment:

Surgical treatment: includes tumor resection, amputation and limb-salvage surgery, the specific choice depends on the location and stage of the tumor.

Radiotherapy: Suitable for patients who cannot undergo surgery or as an adjuvant treatment after surgery, and can effectively control local lesions.

Chemotherapy: Common drugs include methotrexate, cisplatin, and doxorubicin, which are used to shrink tumors or prevent them from spreading.

Targeted therapy: Drugs that target specific gene mutations, such as pazopanib, may improve the effectiveness of treatment.

Prevention and daily management:

Diet: Increasing foods rich in calcium and vitamin D, such as milk, fish, and green leafy vegetables, helps maintain bone health.

Exercise: Moderate weight-bearing exercise, such as walking and jogging, can enhance bone density.

Regular physical examinations: Especially those with a family history or high-risk factors should undergo a bone examination every year.

Although primary bone cancer is uncommon, early detection and treatment are crucial to prognosis. By understanding the cause, taking preventive measures and seeking medical treatment in a timely manner, the risk of disease can be effectively reduced and the cure rate can be increased. Paying attention to bone health and regular physical examinations are the key to preventing bone cancer.