What is angiotensin converting enzyme

We all know enzymes. Enzymes are very common in our lives and they play a very important role. Nowadays, many industries or agriculture require the use of some enzymes, because enzymes have catalytic effects and can provide convenience for many things. So the latest enzyme is angiotensin converting enzyme. What is this enzyme used for?

The main functions are as follows:

Catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II;

Inactivates bradykinin.

Because of these two functions, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors have become ideal targets for the treatment of diseases such as hypertension, heart failure, and diabetes combined with hypertension. ACE inhibitors reduce the production of angiotensin II and increase the activity of bradykinin.

Mechanism of action: 1. Inhibits plasma RAS, 2. Inhibits kininase 2, inhibits the degradation of kininase, and prolongs and enhances the vasodilatory effect of bradykinin. In addition, bradykinin can increase the synthesis of prostaglandins, further reduce peripheral vascular resistance, lower blood pressure, and reduce the afterload of the heart. 3. Inhibit ACE activity in local tissues. 4. Reduce sympathetic nerve excitability and the release of norepinephrine, 5. Reduce the release of aldosterone, reduce water and sodium retention, and reduce preload. 6. Reduce the level of antidiuretic hormone. ACEI can reduce blood pressure stably and safely. It can be tolerated by most patients and is suitable for patients with heart failure, diabetes, and mild to moderate renal insufficiency. It has been proven to reduce complications and mortality in patients with congestive heart failure and reduced cardiac output index after myocardial infarction. ACEI can reverse or alleviate left ventricular hypertrophy and vascular remodeling, and inhibit the deterioration of the condition in patients with diabetic nephropathy and moderate renal insufficiency. Adverse reactions: The main dry cough mechanism may be related to bradykinin aggregation. Others include rash, gastrointestinal reactions, dizziness, leukopenia and angioedema. Contraindicated in renal artery stenosis. Pregnant women and those who are allergic to it.

Angiotensin 2 receptor antagonists: RAS regulates blood pressure through AT2. The latter can bind to receptors on tissue cell membranes. AT2 is divided into two types. Type 1 receptors are distributed in vascular tissue and mainly in the glomeruli. Type 2 receptors are dominant in tissues such as the glomerular capsule. AT2 receptor antagonists can selectively antagonize the binding of AT2 to the receptor, thereby blocking RAS at the receptor level and causing lowering of blood pressure. AT2 type 1 receptor antagonists include Cozaar and Diovan. Cozaar: has a strong antihypertensive effect. It has high affinity and selectivity for the specific AT2 binding site and has no effect on bradykinin. It has no effect on heart rate and atrial pressure and can treat heart failure.

As can be seen from the above, angiotensin-converting enzyme is also a multifunctional enzyme. It can not only be used in life, but also is mainly used in the pharmaceutical industry. It can provide convenience and nutrition to many patients who need treatment, and can also help patients get rid of the troubles of viruses. So ACE is a very powerful enzyme.