Emergency measures for gastric bleeding

For people nowadays, the mental stress they endure every day is very high. This stress comes from work, life and marriage. Some people often like to abuse drugs, coupled with frequent smoking and drinking, which can easily cause gastric bleeding. Especially acute gastric bleeding, once it occurs, may cause the patient to experience symptoms of iron deficiency anemia, and even be life-threatening. So, how should we deal with gastric bleeding?

(1) Replenish blood volume: Give intravenous drip of whole blood or fresh frozen plasma, plasma substitute, and balanced salt solution as appropriate. For those in shock, microcirculation should be actively improved.

(2) Application of H2 receptor antagonists: H2 receptor antagonists such as cimetidine, ranitidine, and famotidine have a strong inhibitory effect on gastric acid secretion and reduce hydrogen ion concentration. In general, 0.2 g of cimetidine can be given once every 6 hours; or 150 mg of ranitidine can be given orally once every 12 hours; for patients with critical conditions, 0.4 g of cimetidine or 300 mg of ranitidine can be used by intravenous drip.

(3) Gastric lavage with ice saline: It can cause the blood vessels in the stomach wall to contract, reduce gastric acid secretion, and promote hemostasis. The method is to place a gastric tube in the stomach, first drain the gastric juice, inject 200-300 ml of ice saline, then drain it out, and flush it repeatedly 3-4 times. Finally, add 4 mg of norepinephrine to 250 ml of ice saline and inject it into the stomach to further constrict the blood vessels. Repeat once after 4 hours.

(4) Antacids: Take 0.75 grams of sucralfate or a mixture of aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide orally every hour to neutralize stomach acid and protect the gastric mucosa.

(5) Surgical treatment: Most patients can stop bleeding after medical treatment, but about 10% of patients still need surgical treatment, otherwise it is difficult to control bleeding. The most common surgical approach is vagotomy plus subtotal gastrectomy.

Patients with gastric bleeding should pay more attention to their daily lives. When they first start treatment, they must eat more liquid food. It is best to ask their family to make rice soup for them. Don't eat any sweet or acidic food. Food must be heated before eating. Never eat cold food to save trouble, otherwise it will make the condition worse.