What to do about nail warts? Such treatment is effective

Nail warts are a common skin disease that is highly contagious and must be treated actively. At present, contact freezing and freeze-cut freezing are two common treatment methods. From a clinical point of view, the treatment results are very good, and the surrounding skin lesions no longer appear after recovery.

1. Treatment methods

1. Operation procedure: Use liquid nitrogen as the cooling source (-196℃). Patients with periungual warts who are sensitive to pain should take 0.5 g of pain-relieving tablets half an hour before treatment to avoid fainting during treatment.

Contact freezing method: routinely disinfect the lesions and surrounding normal skin, select a freezing head of appropriate shape and size, place the freezing head close to the surface of the lesions, and freeze for 1 to 3 minutes until the lesions form an ice ball and the frost exceeds the surrounding normal skin by about 2 to 3 mm. Repeat 2 freeze-thaw cycles and cover with dressing to secure.

Cryo-cut freezing method: After routine disinfection of the skin lesions and surrounding normal skin, aim the jet freezer at the center of the skin lesions to spray freeze the skin lesions into an ice ball. Then use surgical curved scissors to quickly cut off the skin lesions from the flat skin surface at the base, and then immediately freeze them for 30 to 90 seconds. The frost exceeds the surrounding normal skin by 2 to 3 mm, and two freeze-thaw cycles are performed. Cover with gauze and apply pressure to stop bleeding. Fix with adhesive tape after there is no bleeding, and end the treatment.

2. Postoperative reactions and treatment: After contact freezing, large blisters will form on the lesions and normal frozen skin. The next day, the dressing will be removed, the blister fluid will be drained, and gentian violet solution will be applied externally once a day until there is no exudation. For patients receiving cryotherapy, the dressing is removed on the third day. The skin in the frozen area is slightly swollen, with no obvious blisters or very small blisters. Generally, there is no need to drain the fluid. Only gentian violet solution is applied once, and the skin is exposed to dryness and scabs.

2. Treatment Results

Efficacy criteria: cure means complete disappearance of skin lesions; improvement means partial residual or significant reduction of skin lesions; ineffectiveness means no significant change in skin lesions; recurrence means complete disappearance of skin lesions in the near future and then reappearance in the original place.

Treatment results: The contact cryotherapy was used to treat 62 lesions of periungual warts, with a cure rate of 91.94% (57/62), and 47 lesions were cured at one time, accounting for 75.81% (47/62); 166 lesions of plantar warts had a cure rate of 98.80% (164/166), and 156 lesions were cured at one time, accounting for 93.98% (156/166). In the cryotherapy group, 68 lesions around the nails and 188 lesions on plantar warts were all cured, with one-time cure rates of 95.59% (65/68) and 99.47% (187/188), respectively. The one-time cure rates of the two different freezing methods for periungual warts and plantar warts were significantly different as shown by χ2 test (P<0.01). The freezing-cutting freezing method was significantly better than the contact method.

Recurrence: In the contact method group, 5 cases (8.10%) of periungual warts and 8 cases (4.82%) of plantar warts recurred, while in the freeze-cutting method group, 4 cases (5.88%) of periungual warts and 2 cases (1.06%) of plantar warts recurred.