What diseases does Cheyne-Stokes respiration occur in and what are the symptoms

Generally speaking, when the patient's condition worsens and respiratory failure occurs, he or she will show a symptom such as Cheyne-Stokes respiration. If this condition is not effectively relieved, it may cause complications to other organs or even death. Patients with Cheyne-Stokes respiration must be closely monitored and given effective treatment.

What is Cheyne-Stokes respiration

Cheyne-Stokes respiration, also known as Cheyne-Stokes respiration, is characterized by alternating periods of gradually weakening and even stopping breathing and gradually increasing breathing. It is more common in patients with central nervous system diseases, cerebral circulation disorders and poisoning. The breathing goes from shallow and slow to gradually faster and deeper. After reaching the climax, it gradually becomes shallow and slow again. After a pause of a few seconds, the above breathing state appears again. This cycle repeats itself, and the breathing is like the rise and fall of the tide.

The tidal breathing cycle can last from 30 seconds to 2 minutes, and the pause period can last from 5 to 30 seconds. It takes a long time to observe this periodic breathing.

Cheyne-Stokes respiration is common in patients with encephalitis, uremia, etc. Some elderly people may also experience Cheyne-Stokes breathing during deep sleep, which is a manifestation of cerebral arteriosclerosis.

What are the symptoms of diseases that cause Cheyne-Stokes respiration?

(1) Encephalitis

Encephalitis is an inflammatory change caused by direct invasion of the brain parenchyma by pathogenic microorganisms. It can be divided into bacterial encephalitis, viral encephalitis, and fungal encephalitis. Spirochetal encephalitis and parasitic encephalitis. The clinical manifestations include varying degrees of consciousness disorders such as fever, headache, mental fatigue, drowsiness and even coma; symptoms of brain injury such as decreased muscle tone and weakened tendon firing; and manifestations of intracranial hypertension such as convulsions and vomiting in the oral area.

Diagnostic points

① Symptoms include fever, headache, vomiting, convulsions, and impaired consciousness.

② Signs of brain injury: decreased muscle tone, weakened superficial reflexes, and possible signs of meningeal irritation.

③ The pressure increases, the white blood cell count increases, mainly lymphocytes, and the protein level is mostly normal or slightly elevated.

④ Brain CT examination can reveal low-density lesions that are different from the density of normal brain tissue.

(2) Meningitis

Meningitis refers to diffuse inflammatory changes of the pia mater (arachnoid membrane). It can be caused by a variety of causes and is divided into six categories: bacterial, viral, fungal, spirochetal, parasitic and reactive. The main clinical manifestations are fever, headache, vomiting, positive meningeal irritation signs and focal brain symptoms.

Diagnostic points

①The main symptoms are fever, vomiting and headache.

② Positive meningeal irritation signs.

③ Cerebrospinal fluid culture may be positive for bacterial meningitis.

④ Brain CT and MRI can reveal lesions of diagnostic significance, such as meningeal thickening, intraventricular or intraspinal cysts or granulomas, basal cistern exudates, and miliary tuberculosis lesions in the brain parenchyma.