How to prevent epidemic meningitis?

How to prevent epidemic meningitis? Try not to stay in crowded places, pay attention to ventilation and air circulation, pay attention to hygiene, get enough rest, exercise more, and pay more attention to diet. In addition, you can also take medicines to prevent such diseases, and stay away from patients with meningitis, so as to effectively prevent them.

In the past 20 years, due to the active prevention and control measures, periodic national pandemics have not occurred. However, local epidemics and sporadic cases continue to occur, so we must not relax our vigilance in the slightest.

Meningococcal disease is an acute infectious disease caused by meningococci. It can infect anyone from newborns a few days after birth to the elderly in their 70s, but is more common in children under 15 years old.

Meningococcal disease mainly occurs in late winter and early spring, especially from February to April. The reason is that the climate is changeable during this period, with large temperature differences between day and night. People's nasopharyngeal resistance is weak, and germs can easily invade the respiratory tract. In addition, due to the cold weather, people spend more time indoors, and germs are spread through coughing droplets, increasing the chance of infection.

After the bacteria enter the human body, whether the disease will occur or not depends on the outcome of the fight between the human body and the bacteria. If the human body is healthy and immune, it will not get sick. If the body is weak and the immune system is insufficient, the bacteria will initially stay in the nasopharynx, then enter the blood and finally reach the meninges.

The patient's symptoms can be divided into three stages starting from the invasion of pathogens. When the bacteria multiply in the nasopharynx, it can cause upper respiratory tract inflammation, and the patient may have a runny nose, sore throat and cough. When the bacteria invade the blood, the patient will have a high fever and chills; bleeding spots may appear on the skin, which are rose-red at first and quickly turn purple-red, and may be the size of a needle tip or the size of a fingernail; the hands and feet are cold, the pulse increases, and the blood pressure may also decrease.

After the bacteria reach the meninges, the patient will experience severe headache, frequent vomiting, neck stiffness (stiff neck), and the chin cannot touch the chest when the neck is flexed. As the disease often progresses rapidly, the three stages mentioned above are often difficult to distinguish clearly. Patients with severe illness may experience large areas of skin hemorrhage and purpura, shock, convulsions, coma, etc. If rescue is not timely, death will occur quickly.