Uncovering the environmental factors that induce aplastic anemia

Aplastic anemia is a malignant blood disease with the characteristics of rapid onset and serious condition. If it is not treated well, it will pose a great threat to life safety. There are many factors that induce aplastic anemia, among which is closely related to the living environment. In particular, the harm caused by some chemical pollution and adverse electromagnetic radiation is particularly great.

1. Chloramphenicol and sulfonamide may induce aplastic anemia

Drugs are a common risk factor for aplastic anemia. There are two types of drug-induced aplastic anemia: the first type is related to drug dosage and is the effect of drug toxicity. When a certain dose is reached, it will cause bone marrow suppression, which occurs in all people who take the drug and is generally reversible, such as various anti-tumor drugs such as daunorubicin, cyclophosphamide, cytarabine, methotrexate, etc.

The second type has little to do with drug dosage but is related to individual sensitivity. Only a few patients among those taking the drug develop hematopoietic disorders, mostly allergic reactions to the drugs, which often lead to persistent aplastic anemia. There are many types of drugs of this type, the most common ones include chloramphenicol antibiotics, antipyretic analgesics (such as aminopyrine, phenylbutazone), sulfonamides, antithyroid drugs (such as thiabendazole, thyroxine), anti-tuberculosis drugs (such as isoniazid), anthelmintics, insecticides, etc.

2. Hepatitis C and hepatitis B also increase the risk of aplastic anemia

Among the factors that may induce aplastic anemia, there is one that is very close to us - viral hepatitis, including hepatitis B and hepatitis C. Its relationship with aplastic anemia is relatively certain, and is called viral hepatitis-related aplastic anemia. Clinically, cases of hepatitis B-related aplastic anemia can be seen, accounting for 3.2% of patients with aplastic anemia.

Hepatitis viruses have a direct inhibitory effect on hematopoietic stem cells, can also cause chromosomal aberrations, and can cause virus-mediated autoimmune abnormalities. Viral infection can also destroy the bone marrow hematopoietic microenvironment.

We must actively prevent and treat hepatitis, attach importance to the injection of hepatitis B vaccine, regularly check for infection with hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and other hepatitis. If you suffer from hepatitis, you must receive regular treatment as soon as possible.

3. Less pesticides and computers are safer

Among all chemical poisons, benzene and its derivatives are the most important bone marrow suppressive poisons, and their relationship with aplastic anemia has been confirmed by many experimental studies. Benzene is a colorless, transparent liquid that is volatile and can be inhaled through the respiratory tract or absorbed through skin contact. Long-term daily exposure to benzene is more dangerous than a single large dose. Some people may develop bone marrow suppression months or even years after they stop being exposed to benzene.

Workers engaged in operations involving dyes, paints, glues, coatings, resins, furniture, footwear, leather processing, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and fertilizers may be exposed to benzene for a long time; paints, glues, coatings, etc. are used in home decoration, so workers engaged in home decoration and people who move into new homes may become victims; farmers who are exposed to pesticides and fertilizers may also become victims.