What are the principles of pressure bandage?

Various traffic accidents occur every day. We all know that injuries are inevitable in traffic accidents, and sometimes heavy bleeding may occur. At this time, the patient needs to be given alkaline hemostatic bandage in time, otherwise the patient may be in danger of life. Usually at this time, pressure bandage will be used. Pressure bandage is more suitable for bleeding from small arteries and small veins.

Principles of compression bandage

1. Pressure bandage can force the wound and the blood vessels at the wound to close, slowing down the blood circulation at the wound and giving the bleeding enough time to complete the coagulation.

2. Pressure bandage method for hemostasis: Use soluble gauze or a clean towel or cloth folded into a pad slightly larger than the wound to cover the wound, then use a bandage or a strip of cloth or a triangular scarf to tightly bandage the wound. The tightness should be appropriate to achieve the purpose of hemostasis. This method of hemostasis is mostly used for venous bleeding and capillary bleeding.

When the wound is in the elbow, armpit, groin, or groin, you can add pads, flex the limbs, fix them to the trunk, and apply pressure to stop the bleeding. The pressure bandage hemostasis method is suitable for arterial bleeding in the upper and lower limbs, elbows, knees, etc., but it is not suitable for use when there is a fracture or suspected fracture or joint dislocation.

3. Use local materials according to the nature of the wound. If there is a foreign body, do not rush to pull it out. Fix the foreign body first and then bandage it. If there is no foreign body, directly use bandages, cloth or other strips to bandage the front end of the wound in the centripetal direction. It is recommended that the tightness should be enough to insert one finger. After bandaging, pay attention to the blood circulation of the extremities. After 30 to 40 minutes of bandaging, loosen the bandage for a while and then bandage again. It is best to go to the hospital for treatment in time.

4. Precautions for using pressure bandage as a method of hemostasis:

1) If there is no first aid kit, you can use clean cloth to cover the wound and apply pressure bandage.

2) The pressure of the compression bandage should be moderate to ensure that the arterial pulse can be felt at the distal end of the limb.

3) If the injury is accompanied by a fracture, a splint must be added for fixation.

4) If there are broken bones in the wound, this method should not be used.

There are three steps to apply pressure bandage to stop bleeding:

(1) Capillary bleeding hemostasis method: The manifestation of capillary bleeding is that blood oozes out from the wound surface or around the wound. The amount of bleeding is small and the color is red. There is no obvious bleeding point and it is not very dangerous. This bleeding often stops on its own. When treating the wound, the skin around the wound is usually disinfected with iodine tincture and alcohol, and then the wound is covered with sterilized gauze or a clean handkerchief or cloth and tied tightly to stop the bleeding.

(2) Venous bleeding hemostasis method: Venous bleeding is manifested by dark red blood.

Fluid flows out of the wound slowly and continuously, and then due to local vasoconstriction, blood flow gradually slows down. This type of bleeding is not very dangerous. Hemostasis is essentially the same as for capillary bleeding. You can also elevate the affected area to reduce bleeding, apply pressure bandages, and other methods to accelerate bleeding.

(3) Bone marrow bleeding hemostasis method: The symptoms of bone marrow bleeding are dark red blood, which may be accompanied by bone fracture fragments and fat droplets floating in the blood. Bone marrow bleeding can be stopped by packing with dressings or clean multi-layered handkerchiefs.