What are the indications for clindamycin phosphate

Clindamycin phosphate is a chemically synthesized derivative. After entering the body, it can be hydrolyzed to show pharmacological activity and has antibacterial effects. It can be taken orally or by intravenous drip. It has a good therapeutic effect on respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections and female genital infections, especially for Gram-positive bacteria and anaerobic bacteria, and has a good antibacterial and bactericidal effect.

Indications

Used for the following infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria and anaerobic bacteria:

1. Respiratory system infection

Such as acute bronchitis, acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, pneumonia, lung abscess, empyema, anaerobic lung disease, bronchiectasis and infection, suppurative otitis media, sinusitis, etc.

2. Urinary tract infection

Such as acute urethritis, acute pyelonephritis, and prostatitis.

3. Female pelvic and genital infections

For example, endometritis, non-gonococcal fallopian tube and ovarian abscesses, pelvic cellulitis and post-gynecological surgery infections, etc., it is often necessary to use it in combination with aminoglycosides.

4. Skin and soft tissue infection

Such as acne vulgaris, furuncles, carbuncles, abscesses, cellulitis, trauma and post-operative infection.

Clinical Application

1. Adults

For moderate infection, 0.6-1.2 g/day, divided into 2-4 times by deep intramuscular injection or intravenous drip. For severe infection, 1.2-2.4 g/day, divided into 2-4 doses.

2. Children

For moderate infection, 15-25 mg/(kg·d) may be divided into 3-4 equal doses, once every 8 or 6 hours.

3. Severe infection

25-40 mg/(kg·d), divided into 3-4 equal doses, administered once every 8 or 6 hours.

Adverse Reactions

Foreign literature shows that the adverse reactions of clindamycin phosphate injection are as follows:

1. Gastrointestinal reactions: Common symptoms include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, etc. In severe cases, there are abdominal cramps, abdominal tenderness, severe diarrhea (watery or bloody), accompanied by fever, abnormal thirst and fatigue (pseudomembranous enterocolitis). Diarrhea, enteritis, and pseudomembranous colitis may occur in the early stages of medication or several weeks after discontinuation of medication.

2. Blood system: Leukopenia, neutropenia, eosinophilia and thrombocytopenia may occasionally occur; aplastic anemia is rare.

3. Allergic reactions: rash, itching, etc., occasionally urticaria, angioedema and serum sickness reaction, etc., rarely exfoliative dermatitis, bullous dermatitis, erythema multiforme and Steven-Johnson syndrome.

4. Abnormal liver and kidney function, such as increased serum aminotransferase, jaundice, etc.

5. Intravenous infusion may cause phlebitis; intramuscular injection may cause local pain, nodules and sterile abscesses.

6. Others: tinnitus, vertigo, candidal infection, etc.

Adverse reactions reported in China for clindamycin phosphate and clindamycin hydrochloride injection include possible renal damage and hematuria. Other adverse reactions reported in very rare severe cases include dyspnea, anaphylactic shock, acute renal failure, allergic purpura, convulsions, abnormal liver function, chest tightness, palpitations, chills, high fever, dizziness, hypotension, tinnitus, hearing loss, etc.