What is the function of magnesium sulfate injection?

Magnesium sulfate injection is a very common medicine in daily life. Magnesium sulfate injection can effectively treat some physical diseases and has certain benefits for pregnant women to maintain their pregnancy. Generally, the main function of magnesium sulfate injection is to be used for gestational hypertension in pregnant women. It can also be used to treat premature birth in pregnant women. It can be injected through the skin vein for treatment.

What is the role of magnesium sulfate injection?

Magnesium sulfate injection can be used as an anticonvulsant. Commonly used for hypertension during pregnancy. Lowers blood pressure, treats pre-eclampsia and eclampsia, and is also used to treat premature birth.

Ingredients

The main ingredient of this product: magnesium sulfate.

Chemical name: magnesium sulfate.

Chemical structure: MgSO4·7H2O

Molecular formula: MgSO4·7H2O

Molecular weight: 246.48

The excipient of this product is benzyl alcohol.

Characteristics

This product is a colorless transparent liquid.

Indications

Can be used as an anticonvulsant. Commonly used for hypertension during pregnancy. Lowers blood pressure, treats pre-eclampsia and eclampsia, and is also used to treat premature birth.

Specification

10ml: 2.5g

Dosage

1. Treatment of moderate to severe pregnancy-induced hypertension, preeclampsia and eclampsia

The initial dose is 2.5-4 g, diluted with 20 ml of 25% glucose injection, and slowly injected intravenously within 5 minutes, followed by maintenance by intravenous drip of 1-2 g per hour. The total amount in 24 hours is 30g, which is monitored based on knee tendon reflex, respiratory rate and urine output.

2. Treatment of premature birth and pregnancy-induced hypertension

The dosage and method of medication are similar. The initial loading dose is 4g; it is diluted with 20ml of 25% grape juice injection and slowly injected intravenously within 5 minutes. Later, 60ml of 25% magnesium sulfate injection is added to 1000ml of 5% grape juice injection and intravenously dripped at a rate of 2g per hour until 2 hours after uterine contractions stop. After that, oral β-adrenergic receptor agonists are taken to maintain the condition.

Adverse Reactions

1. Intravenous injection of magnesium sulfate often causes symptoms such as flushing, sweating, and dry mouth. Rapid intravenous injection can cause nausea, vomiting, palpitations, dizziness, and nystagmus in some cases. The symptoms can disappear by slowing down the injection speed.

2. In case of renal insufficiency and large dosage of the drug, blood magnesium accumulation may occur. When the blood magnesium concentration reaches 5mmol/L, muscle excitability may be inhibited, sensory reactions may be sluggish, knee tendon reflexes may disappear, and breathing may begin to be inhibited. When the blood magnesium concentration reaches 6mmol/L, respiratory arrest, arrhythmia and heart block may occur. Further increase in concentration may cause cardiac arrest.

3. Continuous use of magnesium sulfate may cause constipation. Some patients may develop paralytic intestinal obstruction, which will improve after stopping the medication.

4. In a very small number of cases, blood calcium levels may decrease, resulting in the recurrence of hypocalcemia.

5. Magnesium ions can freely pass through the placenta, causing neonatal hypermagnesemia, which manifests as low muscle tone, poor sucking ability, inactivity, soft crying, etc. A few may also experience respiratory depression.

6. A small number of pregnant women develop pulmonary edema.