How to treat supraventricular tachycardia

How to treat supraventricular tachycardia? This is a question many people want to ask. Ventricular tachycardia is a manifestation of heart disease and is the abbreviation of supraventricular tachycardia. Patients experience palpitations and discomfort in the precordial area, and an electrocardiogram shows a heart rate of more than 100 beats per minute. This disease is relatively common in clinical practice and can easily cause sudden death. There are many treatment methods, including drug treatment and non-drug treatment. Let’s take a closer look at them below.

Treatment:

1. Treatment during an attack

(1) Rest: Rest immediately when an attack occurs. Symptoms will generally be relieved after the patient stops moving.

(2) For more severe attacks, fast-acting nitrate preparations can be used. In addition to dilating coronary arteries, reducing resistance and increasing blood flow, this type of drug also relieves angina pectoris by dilating peripheral blood vessels, reducing venous return to the heart, lowering ventricular capacity, intracardiac pressure, cardiac output and blood pressure, reducing cardiac preload and afterload and myocardial oxygen demand.

(3) Isoamyl nitrite is a liquid that easily vaporizes. It is contained in a small ampoule. When using, wrap it in a handkerchief, break it into pieces, and immediately cover your nose and inhale it. The effect is fast and short. This drug has the same effect as nitroglycerin, and its effect in lowering blood pressure is more obvious, so it should be used with caution. Another similar preparation is octyl nitrite.

When using the above drugs, sedatives may be considered.

2. Treatment during remission

It is advisable to avoid various inducements as much as possible. Adjust your diet, especially do not eat too much; avoid smoking and drinking. Adjust daily life and workload to reduce mental burden; maintain appropriate physical activity, but not to the extent that pain symptoms occur; bed rest is generally not required. Patients who have their first attack (initial onset) or frequent and severe attacks (exacerbated type), or those with supine type, variant type, intermediate syndrome, post-infarction angina, etc., suspected of being a prelude to myocardial infarction, should rest for a period of time. Use long-acting anti-anginal drugs to prevent angina attacks. The following long-acting drugs can be used alone, alternately, or in combination.

3. Other treatments

Low molecular weight dextran or hydroxyethyl starch injection is used to improve microcirculatory perfusion and can be used for frequent attacks of angina pectoris. Anticoagulants such as heparin, thrombolytics, and antiplatelet drugs can be used to treat unstable angina. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy increases the body's oxygen supply and can improve stubborn angina pectoris, but the therapeutic effect is not easy to consolidate. External counterpulsation therapy can increase coronary blood supply and may also be considered. For patients with early heart failure, fast-acting digitalis preparations should be used while treating angina pectoris.

4. Surgical treatment

It mainly involves performing aortic-coronary artery bypass grafting under extracorporeal circulation, using the patient's own great saphenous vein as the bypass graft material, with one end anastomosed to the aorta and the other end anastomosed to the distal end of the diseased coronary artery segment; or the free internal mammary artery is anastomosed to the distal end of the diseased coronary artery, diverting blood flow from the aorta to improve the blood supply to the myocardium supplied by the diseased coronary artery.